ArticlePloS one2015
Abnormally Low or High Ankle-Brachial Index Is Associated with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between diabetic eye disease and other complications of diabetes: Implications for care. A systematic review.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Pooled it
- Diabetic retinopathy enhances coronary artery calcium-based cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with type 2 diabetes: insights from the ACCoDiab study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Observational
- The linear association between pulse pressure and diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- The Association of Central Corneal Thickness and Central Corneal Epithelial Thickness with Anthropometric and Biochemical Parameters in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Metabolism.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The linear association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and diabetic retinopathy : a cross-sectional study in diabetic patients.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- The non-linear association between remnant cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study in type 2 diabetic patients.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Inverted U-shaped relationship between HbA1c and diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients: Insights from a Retrospective Cross-Sectional and Cohort Study in Abu Dhabi.Vascular health and risk management · 2025Article
- Epidemiology and Burden of Peripheral Artery Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Literature Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- Retinal neurovascular alteration in type 2 diabetes with renal impairment in association with systemic arterial stiffness.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2024Article
- Endothelial progenitor cells as biomarkers of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Review
- The non-linear link between remnant cholesterol and diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional study in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Article
- A novel dataset of predictors of mortality for older Veterans living with type II diabetes.Data in brief · 2022Article
- Retinal and choriocapillaris perfusion are associated with ankle-brachial-pressure-index and Fontaine stage in peripheral arterial disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Predicting 5- and 10-Year Mortality Risk in Older Adults With Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2020Article
- Association Between Atherosclerosis and Diabetic Retinopathy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- Correlation of systemic arterial stiffness with changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature in type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Abnormally Low or High Ankle-Brachial Index Is Associated With the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- SUDOSCAN, an effective tool for screening chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although some studies have reported that low ankle-brachial index (ABI) is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients, it remains controversial as to which stage of DR. The aim of this study is to assess whether peripheral artery disease (PAD), indicated by abnormally low or high ABI, is associated with different stages of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and further evaluate the risk factors. A total of 2001 (858 men and 1143 women) patients with type 2 DM who underwent ABI measurement in an outpatient clinic were enrolled. PAD was defined as ABI < 0.9 or ≧ 1.3 in either leg. DR was classified as non-DR, nonproliferative DR and proliferative DR stages. The clinical data were analyzed and the risk factors for abnormal ABI were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of ABI < 0.9 or ≧ 1.3 was 3.0%. Multivariate forward logistic regression analysis identified proliferative DR (vs. non-DR) was associated with abnormal ABI (odds ratio, 1.718; 95% confidence interval, 1.152 to 2.562; p = 0.008), but nonproliferative DR was not. Furthermore, the presence of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, declining renal function and patients without diuretics use were associated with abnormal ABI in patients with proliferative DR. Our study in patients of type 2 DM demonstrated that PAD was associated with proliferative DR. We emphasize the recommendation of performing the ABI test in this population at risk.
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