ArticlePLoS pathogens2015
Activation of TLR2 and TLR6 by Dengue NS1 Protein and Its Implications in the Immunopathogenesis of Dengue Virus Infection.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-mediated platelet refractoriness: Mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutic breakthroughs.Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Emerging viral infections: role of flavivirus NS1-mediated rewiring of PRR signaling.European cytokine network · 2026Review
- CLEC5A/TLR2 bispecific antibody suppresses dengue virus-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines production from macrophages.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- A novel glycoform of the rotavirus outer capsid protein VP7 is secreted from polarized cells and activates innate immune cells.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Innate immune sensing of alphavirus chikungunya: balancing antiviral defense and pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Monocyte TLR2/4 as predictive biomarkers for progression from dengue warning signs to severe disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting dengue through mucosal vaccination: the potential of NS1 and bacterial spore-based delivery platforms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) Expression and Activation in COVID-19 and Long COVID: From SARS-CoV-2 Escape Mechanisms to Emerging PRR-Targeted Immunotherapies.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A non-structural protein 1 substitution of dengue virus enhances viral replication by interfering with the antiviral signaling pathway.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- Article
- An Immunoinformatic Approach for Identifying and Designing Conserved Multi-Epitope Vaccines for Coronaviruses.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Sex-related immunity: could Toll-like receptors be the answer in acute inflammatory response?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The characterization of toll-like receptor repertoire inEcology and evolution · 2023Article
- Article
- Prediction of human protein interactome of dengue virus non-structural protein 5 (NS5) and its downstream immunological implications.3 Biotech · 2023Article
- In vitro evidence against productive SARS-CoV-2 infection of human testicular cells: Bystander effects of infection mediate testicular injury.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Viruses Binding to Host Receptors Interacts with Autophagy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Potential Protective Effect of Dengue NS1 Human Monoclonal Antibodies against Dengue and Zika Virus Infections.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Cell membrane-bound toll-like receptor-1/2/4/6 monomers and -2 heterodimer inhibit enterovirus 71 replication by activating the antiviral innate response.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Integrated control strategies for dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya virus infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dengue virus (DV) infection is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease and its manifestation has been shown to be contributed in part by the host immune responses. In this study, pathogen recognition receptors, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR6 were found to be up-regulated in DV-infected human PBMC using immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and Western blot analyses. Using ELISA, IL-6 and TNF-α, cytokines downstream of TLR2 and TLR6 signaling pathways were also found to be up-regulated in DV-infected PBMC. IL-6 and TNF-α production by PBMC were reduced when TLR2 and TLR6 were blocked using TLR2 and TLR6 neutralizing antibodies during DV infection. These results suggested that signaling pathways of TLR2 and TLR6 were activated during DV infection and its activation contributed to IL-6 and TNF-α production. DV NS1 protein was found to significantly increase the production of IL-6 and TNF-α when added to PBMC. The amount of IL-6 and TNF-α stimulated by DV NS1 protein was reduced when TLR2 and TLR6 were blocked, suggesting that DV NS1 protein is the viral protein responsible for the activation of TLR2 and TLR6 during DV infection. Secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter assay was used to further confirm activation of TLR2 and TLR6 by DV NS1 protein. In addition, DV-infected and DV NS1 protein-treated TLR6-/- mice have higher survivability compared to DV-infected and DV NS1 protein-treated wild-type mice. Hence, activation of TLR6 via DV NS1 protein could potentially play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of DV infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.