ArticlePloS one2015
Regulatory B Cell Function Is Suppressed by Smoking and Obesity in H. pylori-Infected Subjects and Is Correlated with Elevated Risk of Gastric Cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Flavonols Intake and Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies.Nutrients · 2016Pooled it
- Dynamic changes in peripheral B and NK cells reflect treatment response in breast cancer subtypes.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Smoking and COVID-19 Infection and Related Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Analysis of UK Biobank Data.Clinical epidemiology · 2021Article
- Smoking and Epstein-Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis development.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Phenotypes, Functions, and Clinical Relevance of Regulatory B Cells in Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- The Role of Regulatory B Cells in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Article
- Review
- Significant decrease in peripheral regulatory B cells is an immunopathogenic feature of dermatomyositis.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- miR-148a downregulates the expression of transforming growth factor-β2 and SMAD2 in gastric cancer.International journal of oncology · 2016Article
- DUOX2 Expression Is Increased in Barrett Esophagus and Cancerous Tissues of Stomach and Colon.Gastroenterology research and practice · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2022-03-09Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation · False/Forged Affiliation ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
15 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection occurs in more than half of the world's population and is the main cause for gastric cancer. A series of lifestyle and nutritional factors, such as tobacco smoking and obesity, have been found to elevate the risk for cancer development. In this study, we sought to determine the immunological aspects during H. pylori infection and gastric cancer development. We found that B cells from H. pylori-infected patients presented altered composition and function compared to uninfected patients. IL-10-expressing CD24+CD38+ B cells were upregulated in H. pylori-infected patients, contained potent regulatory activity in inhibiting T cell pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and responded directly to H. pylori antigen stimulation. Interestingly, in H. pylori-infected smoking subjects and obese subjects, the number of IL-10+ B cells and CD24+CD38+ B cells were reduced compared to H. pylori-infected asymptomatic subjects. Regulatory functions mediated by CD24+CD38+ B cells were also impaired. In addition, gastric cancer positive patients had reduced IL-10-producing B cell frequencies after H. pylori-stimulation. Altogether, these data suggest that in H. pylori-infection, CD24+CD38+ B cell is upregulated and plays a role in suppressing pro-inflammatory responses, possibly through IL-10 production, a feature that was not observed in smoking and obese patients.
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