Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26225241›Full record

ArticleCPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology2015

Systems Pharmacology Approach Toward the Design of Inhaled Formulations of Rifampicin and Isoniazid for Treatment of Tuberculosis.

N A Cilfone, E Pienaar, G M Thurber, D E Kirschner, J J Linderman

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. A Six-Stage Workflow for Robust Application of Systems Pharmacology.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2016
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. A multi-scale approach to designing therapeutics for tuberculosis.Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro · 2015
    Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

N A CilfoneDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
E PienaarDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
G M ThurberDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
D E KirschnerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
J J LindermanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Predicting immune responses that correlate with protection against tuberculosisR01HL110811 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI FLYNN, JOANNE L., KIRSCHNER, DENISE E · 2012 to 2016
$5.9M
A multi-scale model to predict outcomes of immunomodulation and drug therapy duriR01EB012579 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FLYNN, JOANNE L., KIRSCHNER, DENISE E · 2011 to 2014
$2.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL110811NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB012579
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conventional oral therapies for the treatment of tuberculosis are limited by poor antibiotic distribution in granulomas, which contributes to lengthy treatment regimens and inadequate bacterial sterilization. Inhaled formulations are a promising strategy to increase antibiotic efficacy and reduce dose frequency. We develop a multiscale computational approach that accounts for simultaneous dynamics of a lung granuloma, carrier release kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Using this computational platform, we predict that a rationally designed inhaled formulation of isoniazid given at a significantly reduced dose frequency has better sterilizing capabilities and reduced toxicity than the current oral regimen. Furthermore, we predict that inhaled formulations of rifampicin require unrealistic carrier antibiotic loadings that lead to early toxicity concerns. Lastly, we predict that targeting carriers to macrophages has limited effects on treatment efficacy. Our platform can be extended to account for additional antibiotics and provides a new tool for rapidly prototyping the efficacy of inhaled formulations.

Identifiers

PMID26225241
PMCPMC4394619
OpenAlexW1818480463

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.