Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26220612›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2015

Genetic influences on delay discounting in smokers: examination of a priori candidates and exploration of dopamine-related haplotypes.

James MacKillop, Joshua C Gray, L Cinnamon Bidwell, Warren K Bickel, Christine E Sheffer, John E McGeary

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Genoeconomics of Impulsive Intertemporal Choice: A Critical Review.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2026
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  12. Neural underpinnings of maladaptive decision-making in addictions.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018
    Review
  13. Article
  14. The Behavioral Economics and Neuroeconomics of Alcohol Use Disorders.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2016
    Review
  15. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

James MacKillopPeter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada, jmackill@mcmaster.ca.
Joshua C Gray
L Cinnamon Bidwell
Warren K Bickel
Christine E Sheffer
John E McGeary
Carilion Clinic · USCity University of New York · USRhode Island Hospital · USSt. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton · CAUniversity of Colorado Boulder · USUniversity of Georgia · US

Funding

Deconstructing the Smoking and ADHD Comorbidity: A Multilevel Genetic ApproachK23DA033302 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI BIDWELL, L. CINNAMON · 2012 to 2016
$871k
Enhancing Alcoholism Pharmacotherapy Research via Behavioral EconomicsK23AA016936 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI MACKILLOP, JAMES · 2008 to 2012
$805k
NIAAA NIH HHS K23 AA016936NIDA NIH HHS K23 DA033302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleDelay discounting is a behavioral economic index of impulsivity that reflects a person's relative preference for small immediate rewards versus larger delayed rewards. Elevated delay discounting is robustly linked to addictive disorders and has been increasingly investigated as a viable endophenotype for genetic influences on addiction.

objectiveThe aim of this study is to examine associations between delay discounting and two a priori loci, rs4680 in COMT and rs1800497 in ANKK1, and three exploratory haplotypes proximal to rs1800497 in a sample of daily smokers.

methodsParticipants were 713 (60.2 % male) daily smokers of European ancestry who completed a delay discounting assessment and provided a DNA sample.

resultsSignificant associations were detected between greater discounting of medium magnitude rewards (~$55) and the G allele of rs4680, as well as the T allele of rs1800497. Exploratory haplotype analyses identified two haplotypes (rs1160467/rs1800497; rs6277/rs1079597) significantly associated with delay discounting rates. However, the rs1160467/rs1800497 haplotype associations appeared to be entirely attributable to variation in rs1800497, suggesting that the association of rs1800497 with discounting is best understood at the individual SNP level. Similarly, the rs6277/rs1079597 haplotype findings suggested that the association was specific to rs1079597.

conclusionsThis study provides further evidence that rs4680 and rs1800497 genotypes are significantly associated with delay discounting preferences and does so among smokers for the first time. The study also provides evidence of specificity for the rs1800497 association and identifies a novel locus, rs1079597, as a genetic contributor to higher delay discounting rates.

Indexed as

AdultCatechol O-MethyltransferaseDelay DiscountingDopamineFemaleGenetic LociHaplotypesHumansMaleProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesSmokingWhite PeopleANKK1 protein, humanCatechol O-MethyltransferaseCOMT protein, humanDopamineProtein Serine-Threonine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID26220612
PMCPMC4845660
OpenAlexW996677107

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.