SynthesisPloS one2015
A Global Perspective on Pyrazinamide Resistance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted next-generation sequencing to diagnose drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis mixed infections and drug resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.African health sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, pretomanid, and pyrazinamide during the first 8 weeks of treatment of patients with drug-susceptible or drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a multicentre, open-label, partially randomised, phase 2b trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2019Trial
- Association of pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mutations in rpoB, katG, and inhA genes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Predicting pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a graph convolutional network.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Current and emerging therapies for pulmonary tuberculosis in adults.BMJ medicine · 2026Review
- The epidemiology and gene mutation characteristics of pyrazinamide-resistantEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- The Identification of Novel Mutations in ATP-Dependent Protease ClpC1 Assists in the Molecular Diagnosis of Obscured Pyrazinamide-Resistant Tuberculosis Clinical Isolates.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Field evaluation of nanopore targeted next-generation sequencing to predict drug-resistant tuberculosis from native sputum in South Africa and Zambia.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Thermodynamic and Structural Characterization of a Mechanochemically Synthesized Pyrazinamide-Acetylsalicylic-Acid Eutectic Mixture.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimizing Pyrazinamide Use: A Low-Hanging Fruit in Improving Outcomes with Tuberculous Meningitis? Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations of pyrazinamide againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Pyrazinamide Resistance in Newly Diagnosed TB Patients in Uganda.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Enhancing diagnostic efficiency of pyrazinamide resistance inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Dynamic PET reveals compartmentalized brain and lung tissue antibiotic exposures of tuberculosis drugs.Nature communications · 2024Observational
- Drug Susceptibility and Mutation Profiles in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala, India.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Biphasic Medium Using Nicotinamide for Detection of Pyrazinamide Resistance inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPyrazinamide (PZA) is crucial for tuberculosis (TB) treatment, given its unique ability to eradicate persister bacilli. The worldwide burden of PZA resistance remains poorly described.
methodsSystematic PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus searches for articles reporting phenotypic (liquid culture drug susceptibility testing or pyrazinamidase activity assays) and/or genotypic (polymerase chain reaction or DNA sequencing) PZA resistance. Global and regional summary estimates were obtained from random-effects meta-analysis, stratified by presence or risk of multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB). Regional summary estimates were combined with regional WHO TB incidence estimates to determine the annual burden of PZA resistance. Information on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pncA gene was aggregated to obtain a global summary.
resultsPooled PZA resistance prevalence estimate was 16.2% (95% CI 11.2-21.2) among all TB cases, 41.3% (29.0-53.7) among patients at high MDR-TB risk, and 60.5% (52.3-68.6) among MDR-TB cases. The estimated global burden is 1.4 million new PZA resistant TB cases annually, about 270,000 in MDR-TB patients. Among 1,815 phenotypically resistant isolates, 608 unique SNPs occurred at 397 distinct positions throughout the pncA gene.
interpretationPZA resistance is ubiquitous, with an estimated one in six incident TB cases and more than half of all MDR-TB cases resistant to PZA globally. The diversity of SNPs across the pncA gene complicates the development of rapid molecular diagnostics. These findings caution against relying on PZA in current and future TB drug regimens, especially in MDR-TB patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.