Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26217183›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2015

Physical biology of human brain development.

Silvia Budday, Paul Steinmann, Ellen Kuhl

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
146citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

146 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 287 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Dynamic image-informed selection of biomechanical tumor growth models.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Can We Talk About Fetal Consciousness?Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Defining a Midgestational Window forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  15. A 3D Astrocyte Microenvironment Model Enables Rapid CaAdvanced healthcare materials · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Silvia BuddayChair of Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Erlangen/Nuremberg Erlangen, Germany.
Paul SteinmannChair of Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Erlangen/Nuremberg Erlangen, Germany.
Ellen KuhlDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA.
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg · DEStanford University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurodevelopment is a complex, dynamic process that involves a precisely orchestrated sequence of genetic, environmental, biochemical, and physical events. Developmental biology and genetics have shaped our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms during neurodevelopment. Recent studies suggest that physical forces play a central role in translating these cellular mechanisms into the complex surface morphology of the human brain. However, the precise impact of neuronal differentiation, migration, and connection on the physical forces during cortical folding remains unknown. Here we review the cellular mechanisms of neurodevelopment with a view toward surface morphogenesis, pattern selection, and evolution of shape. We revisit cortical folding as the instability problem of constrained differential growth in a multi-layered system. To identify the contributing factors of differential growth, we map out the timeline of neurodevelopment in humans and highlight the cellular events associated with extreme radial and tangential expansion. We demonstrate how computational modeling of differential growth can bridge the scales-from phenomena on the cellular level toward form and function on the organ level-to make quantitative, personalized predictions. Physics-based models can quantify cortical stresses, identify critical folding conditions, rationalize pattern selection, and predict gyral wavelengths and gyrification indices. We illustrate that physical forces can explain cortical malformations as emergent properties of developmental disorders. Combining biology and physics holds promise to advance our understanding of human brain development and enable early diagnostics of cortical malformations with the ultimate goal to improve treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia.

Indexed as

connectivitycortical foldingdifferential growthlissencephalyneurodevelopmentpolymicrogyriasynaptogenesis

Identifiers

PMID26217183
PMCPMC4495345
OpenAlexW1911306676

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.