ArticleBMC plant biology2015
The Phytoene synthase gene family of apple (Malus x domestica) and its role in controlling fruit carotenoid content.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bioinformatics Analysis and Functional Verification of Phytoene Synthase GeneCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Overexpressing CsPSY1 Gene of Tea Plant, Encoding a Phytoene Synthase, Improves α-Carotene and β-Carotene Contents in Carrot.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Article
- Phenotypic Plasticity of Yield and Yield-Related Traits Contributing to the Wheat Yield in a Doubled Haploid Population.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comprehensive metabolome and transcriptome analyses demonstrate divergent anthocyanin and carotenoid accumulation in fruits of wild and cultivated loquats.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Comparative transcriptomic and plastid development analysis sheds light on the differential carotenoid accumulation in kiwifruit flesh.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Contrasting Roles of Ethylene Response Factors in Pathogen Response and Ripening in Fleshy Fruit.Cells · 2022Review
- Article
- Light Induces Carotenoid Biosynthesis-Related Gene Expression, Accumulation of Pigment Content, and Expression of the Small Heat Shock Protein in Apple Fruit.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Perturbations in the Carotenoid Biosynthesis Pathway in Tomato Fruit Reactivate the Leaf-Specific Phytoene Synthase 2.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Overexpression ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- The molecular mechanism on suppression of climacteric fruit ripening with postharvest wax coating treatmentFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- An apple (Malus domestica) AP2/ERF transcription factor modulates carotenoid accumulation.Horticulture research · 2021Article
- Chloroplast-to-chromoplast transition envisions provitamin A biofortification in green vegetables.Plant cell reports · 2021Article
- Carotenoid and Carotenoid Ester Profile and Their Deposition in Plastids in Fruits of New Papaya (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- A Neighboring Aromatic-Aromatic Amino Acid Combination Governs Activity Divergence between Tomato Phytoene Synthases.Plant physiology · 2019Article
- IlluminaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Changing Form and Function through Carotenoids and Synthetic Biology.Plant physiology · 2019Article
- Identification and characterization of circular RNAs during the sea buckthorn fruit development.RNA biology · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCarotenoid compounds play essential roles in plants such as protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and in hormone signalling. Coloured carotenoids provide yellow, orange and red colour to plant tissues, as well as offering nutritional benefit to humans and animals. The enzyme phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyses the first committed step of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and has been associated with control of pathway flux. We characterised four PSY genes found in the apple genome to further understand their involvement in fruit carotenoid accumulation.
resultsThe apple PSY gene family, containing six members, was predicted to have three functional members, PSY1, PSY2, and PSY4, based on translation of the predicted gene sequences and/or corresponding cDNAs. However, only PSY1 and PSY2 showed activity in a complementation assay. Protein localisation experiments revealed differential localization of the PSY proteins in chloroplasts; PSY1 and PSY2 localized to the thylakoid membranes, while PSY4 localized to plastoglobuli. Transcript levels in 'Granny Smith' and 'Royal Gala' apple cultivars showed PSY2 was most highly expressed in fruit and other vegetative tissues. We tested the transient activation of the apple PSY1 and PSY2 promoters and identified potential and differential regulation by AP2/ERF transcription factors, which suggested that the PSY genes are controlled by different transcriptional mechanisms.
conclusionThe first committed carotenoid pathway step in apple is controlled by MdPSY1 and MdPSY2, while MdPSY4 play little or no role in this respect. This has implications for apple breeding programmes where carotenoid enhancement is a target and would allow co-segregation with phenotypes to be tested during the development of new cultivars.
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