ArticlePloS one2015
Identification of Glial Activation Markers by Comparison of Transcriptome Changes between Astrocytes and Microglia following Innate Immune Stimulation.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Illuminating proinflammatory myeloid cells with PET tracers targeting GPR84.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Age-associated T cell immunity decreases circulating endothelial progenitor cells.Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2026Article
- The age-dependent neuroglial interaction with peripheral immune cells in coronavirus-induced neuroinflammation with a special emphasis on COVID-19.Biogerontology · 2025Review
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- Spatiotemporal transcriptomic profiling and modeling of mouse brain at single-cell resolution reveals cell proximity effects of aging and rejuvenation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Toll-like receptor 7: A novel neuroimmune target to reduce excessive alcohol consumption.Neurobiology of stress · 2024Article
- PET Imaging of Innate Immune Activation UsingJACS Au · 2023Article
- Interferon-gamma ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing homeostatic adaptation of microglia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Short open reading frame genes in innate immunity: from discovery to characterization.Trends in immunology · 2022Review
- Downregulation of CRTC1 Is Involved in CUMS-Induced Depression-Like Behavior in the Hippocampus and Its RNA Sequencing Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Therapeutic validation of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor: The case of GPR84.British journal of pharmacology · 2022Review
- Zika virus vertical transmission in interferon receptor1-antagonized Rag1Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- Differences in neuroinvasion and protective innate immune pathways between encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- STING regulates peripheral nerve regeneration and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) processing in microglia.iScience · 2021Article
- Innate immune responses after stimulation with Toll-like receptor agonists in ex vivo microglial cultures and an in vivo model using mice with reduced microglia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
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- Harnessing the paradoxical phenotypes of APOE ɛ2 and APOE ɛ4 to identify genetic modifiers in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2021Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection of microglia exacerbates SH-SY5Y neuronal cell injury by inducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines: A TranswellIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The activation of astrocytes and microglia is often associated with diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding how activation alters the transcriptome of these cells may offer valuable insight regarding how activation of these cells mediate neurological damage. Furthermore, identifying common and unique pathways of gene expression during activation may provide new insight into the distinct roles these cells have in the CNS during infection and inflammation. Since recent studies indicate that TLR7 recognizes not only viral RNA but also microRNAs that are released by damaged neurons and elevated during neurological diseases, we first examined the response of glial cells to TLR7 stimulation using microarray analysis. Microglia were found to generate a much stronger response to TLR7 activation than astrocytes, both in the number of genes induced as well as fold induction. Although the primary pathways induced by both cell types were directly linked to immune responses, microglia also induced pathways associated with cellular proliferation, while astrocytes did not. Targeted analysis of a subset of the upregulated genes identified unique mRNA, including Ifi202b which was only upregulated by microglia and was found to be induced during both retroviral and bunyavirus infections in the CNS. In addition, other genes including Birc3 and Gpr84 as well as two expressed sequences AW112010 and BC023105 were found to be induced in both microglia and astrocytes and were upregulated in the CNS following virus infection. Thus, expression of these genes may a useful measurement of glial activation during insult or injury to the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.