ArticleScientific reports2015
60,000 years of interactions between Central and Eastern Africa documented by major African mitochondrial haplogroup L2.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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28 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Tracing the Uncharted African Diaspora in Southern Brazil: The Genetic Legacies of Resistance in TwoGenes · 2025Article
- Monoclonal Gammopathies in Africa.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2025Review
- The origin of modern North Africans as depicted by a massive survey of mitogenomes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Persistence of Ancestral KhoeSan Mitochondrial Patterns in Contemporary South African Populations.Annals of human genetics · 2025Article
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- The ancestry and geographical origins of St Helena's liberated Africans.American journal of human genetics · 2023Article
- Phylogeography of Sub-Saharan Mitochondrial Lineages Outside Africa Highlights the Roles of the Holocene Climate Changes and the Atlantic Slave Trade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Uniparental markers reveal new insights on subcontinental ancestry and sex-biased admixture in Brazil.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2022Article
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- Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The genomic origin of Zana of Abkhazia.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Searching for the roots of the first free African American community.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- A dispersal of Homo sapiens from southern to eastern Africa immediately preceded the out-of-Africa migration.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Mitochondrial gene sequence variants in children with severe malaria anaemia with or without lactic acidosis: a case control study.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- Genetic history of Chad.American journal of physical anthropology · 2018Article
- Carriers of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup L3 basal lineages migrated back to Africa from Asia around 70,000 years ago.BMC evolutionary biology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup L2 originated in Western Africa but is nowadays spread across the entire continent. L2 movements were previously postulated to be related to the Bantu expansion, but L2 expansions eastwards probably occurred much earlier. By reconstructing the phylogeny of L2 (44 new complete sequences) we provide insights on the complex net of within-African migrations in the last 60 thousand years (ka). Results show that lineages in Southern Africa cluster with Western/Central African lineages at a recent time scale, whereas, eastern lineages seem to be substantially more ancient. Three moments of expansion from a Central African source are associated to L2: (1) one migration at 70-50 ka into Eastern or Southern Africa, (2) postglacial movements (15-10 ka) into Eastern Africa; and (3) the southward Bantu Expansion in the last 5 ka. The complementary population and L0a phylogeography analyses indicate no strong evidence of mtDNA gene flow between eastern and southern populations during the later movement, suggesting low admixture between Eastern African populations and the Bantu migrants. This implies that, at least in the early stages, the Bantu expansion was mainly a demic diffusion with little incorporation of local populations.
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