ArticleVirology2015
Genotype-specific variation in West Nile virus dispersal in California.
Article in Virology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic characterization of a severe West Nile Virus transmission season using a single reaction amplicon sequencing approach.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- West Nile virus in Culex mosquitoes and dead birds from the San Gabriel Valley, California, 2021-2022.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- The emergence of NY10: insights into the 2012 West Nile Virus outbreak in the United States.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Intracellular Diversity of WNV within Circulating Avian Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Host-Dependent Patterns of Polyinfection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Intracellular diversity of WNV within circulating avian peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals host-dependent patterns of polyinfection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Epidemic versus endemic West Nile virus dead bird surveillance in California: Changes in sensitivity and focus.PloS one · 2023Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of West Nile virus revisited eight decades after its first isolation.Virulence · 2021Article
- Epidemiological hypothesis testing using a phylogeographic and phylodynamic framework.Nature communications · 2020Article
- West Nile virus in California, 2003-2018: A persistent threat.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Movement of St. Louis encephalitis virus in the Western United States, 2014- 2018.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Temperature Dramatically Shapes Mosquito Gene Expression With Consequences for Mosquito-Zika Virus Interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- On the Fly: Interactions Between Birds, Mosquitoes, and Environment That Have Molded West Nile Virus Genomic Structure Over Two Decades.Journal of medical entomology · 2019Review
- Twenty years of West Nile virus spread and evolution in the Americas visualized by Nextstrain.PLoS pathogens · 2019Review
- Terrestrial Bird Migration and West Nile Virus Circulation, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Increases in the competitive fitness of West Nile virus isolates after introduction into California.Virology · 2018Article
- Article
- Unexpected differences in the population genetics of phasmavirids (Virus evolution · 2017Article
- Genetic Variability of West Nile Virus in U.S. Blood Donors from the 2012 Epidemic Season.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Fluid Spatial Dynamics of West Nile Virus in the United States: Rapid Spread in a Permissive Host Environment.Journal of virology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is an arbovirus that was first reported in North America in New York in 1999 and, by 2003, had spread more than 4000 km to California. However, variation in viral genetics associated with spread is not well understood. Herein, we report sequences for more than 100 WNV isolates made from mosquito pools that were collected from 2003 to 2011 as part of routine surveillance by the California Mosquito-borne Virus Surveillance System. We performed phylogeographic analyses and demonstrated that 5 independent introductions of WNV (1 WN02 genotype strain and 4 SW03 genotype strains) occurred in California. The SW03 genotype of WNV was constrained to the southwestern U.S. and had a more rapid rate of spread. In addition, geographic constraint of WNV strains within a single region for up to 6 years suggest viral maintenance has been driven by resident, rather than migratory, birds and overwintering in mosquitoes.
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