ReviewHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2015
Hepatitis B and A vaccination in HIV-infected adults: A review.
Review in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommended immunization schedules for adults: Clinical practice guidelines by the Escmid Vaccine Study Group (EVASG), European Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) and the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Guideline
- Review
- Vaccine-preventable viral hepatitis in men living with HIV/AIDS - immunity and associated factors.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- A real-world pattern on the long-term durability of the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination among people living with HIV in China: an 8.5-year retrospective study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Hepatitis B Vaccination Rates and Risk Factors Affecting Vaccine Response in People Living with HIV in Turkey.Current HIV research · 2026Observational
- Review
- An efficient vaccine clinical trial: ACTG A5379 hepatitis B vaccine trial in persons with HIV.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Immunosuppressive Treatments and Risk Factors Associated with Non-Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Cohort Study.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- HIV and hepatitis B virus co-infection in Mozambique: Policy review and health professionals' knowledge and practices.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- Living with HIV and Getting Vaccinated: A Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Review
- Evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein titers after two-dose of COVID-19 vaccination among people living with HIV.Journal of virus eradication · 2022Article
- Review
- Use of Systemic Therapies for Treatment of Psoriasis in People Living with Controlled HIV: Inference-Based Guidance from a Multidisciplinary Expert Panel.Dermatology and therapy · 2022Article
- Hepatitis B Virus Screening and Vaccination in Patients With HIV: A Survey of Clinicians' Current Practices.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Hepatitis A vaccination and its immunological and epidemiological long-term effects - a review of the evidence.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Review
- Article
- Prevention of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2020.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B and A account for considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Immunization is the most effective means of preventing hepatitis B and A. However, the immune response to both hepatitis vaccines seems to be reduced in HIV-infected subjects. The aim of this review was to analyze the immunogenicity, safety, long-term protection and current recommendations of hepatitis B and A vaccination among HIV-infected adults. The factors most frequently associated with a deficient level of anti-HBs or IgG anti-HAV after vaccination are those related to immunosuppression (CD4 level and HIV RNA viral load) and to the frequency of administration and/or the amount of antigenic load per dose. The duration of the response to both HBV and HAV vaccines is associated with suppression of the viral load at vaccination and, in the case of HBV vaccination, with a higher level of antibodies after vaccination. In terms of safety, there is no evidence of more, or different, adverse effects compared with HIV-free individuals. Despite literature-based advice on the administration of alternative schedules, revaccination after the failure of primary vaccination, and the need for periodic re-evaluation of antibody levels, few firm recommendations are found in the leading guidelines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.