ArticleAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2015
TLR2 and TLR4 Expression and Inflammatory Cytokines are Altered in the Airway Epithelium of Those with Alcohol Use Disorders.
Article in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on the Risk of ARDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Chest · 2018Pooled it
- Myeloid TLR2 signaling amplifies immunopathology in influenza-infected murine neonates.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Reduction of Alcohol-Dependent Lung Pathological Features in Rats Treated with Fenofibrate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Chronic alcohol use primes bronchial cells for altered inflammatory response and barrier dysfunction during SARS-CoV-2 infection.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- Synergistic Detrimental Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Alcohol, and SARS-CoV-2 in COPD Bronchial Epithelial Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- COVID-19 patients with documented alcohol use disorder or alcohol-related complications are more likely to be hospitalized and have higher all-cause mortality.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Alcohol Use Disorders Are Associated With a Unique Impact on Airway Epithelial Cell Gene Expression.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2020Article
- ABCF1 Regulates dsDNA-induced Immune Responses in Human Airway Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- The impact of alcohol use disorders on pulmonary immune cell inflammatory responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Alcohol and cannabis use alter pulmonary innate immunity.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- An association between MMP-9 and impaired T cell migration in ethanol-fed BALB/c mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus-2A.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde (MAA) Protein Adducts Are Found Exclusively in the Lungs of Smokers with Alcohol Use Disorders and Are Associated with Systemic Anti-MAA Antibodies.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2017Article
- Chronic Inflammation in Immune Aging: Role of Pattern Recognition Receptor Crosstalk with the Telomere Complex?Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- The Relationship Between Airway Antioxidant Levels, Alcohol Use Disorders, and Cigarette Smoking.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe lung has a highly regulated system of innate immunity to protect itself from inhaled microbes and toxins. The first line of defense is mucociliary clearance, but if invaders overcome this, inflammatory pathways are activated. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed on the airway epithelium. Their signaling initiates the inflammatory cascade and leads to production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. We hypothesized that airway epithelial insults, including heavy alcohol intake or smoking, would alter the expression of TLRs on the airway epithelium.
methodsBronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and brushings of the airway epithelium was performed in otherwise healthy subjects who had normal chest radiographs and spirometry. A history of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) was ascertained using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and a history of cigarette smoking was also obtained. Age, gender, and nutritional status in all groups were similar. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to quantitate TLR1 to 9 and enzyme-linked immune assay to measure tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-8.
resultsAirway brushings were obtained from 26 nonsmoking/non-AUD subjects, 28 smoking/non-AUD subjects, 36 smoking/AUD subjects, and 17 nonsmoking/AUD subjects. We found that TLR2 is up-regulated in AUD subjects, compared to nonsmoking/non-AUD subjects, and correlated with their AUDIT scores. We also measured a decrease in TLR4 expression in AUD subjects that correlated with AUDIT score. IL-6 and IL-8 were also increased in bronchial washings from AUD subjects.
conclusionsWe have previously demonstrated in normal human bronchial epithelial cells that in vitro alcohol exposure up-regulates TLR2 through a NO/cGMP/PKG-dependent pathway, resulting in up-regulation of inflammatory cytokine production after Gram-positive bacterial product stimulation. Our current translational study confirms that TLR2 is also up-regulated in humans with AUDs.
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