Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26203665›Full record

ArticleOncotarget2015

Endothelial-like malignant glioma cells in dynamic three dimensional culture identifies a role for VEGF and FGFR in a tumor-derived angiogenic response.

Stuart J Smith, Jennifer H Ward, Christopher Tan, Richard G Grundy, Ruman Rahman

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Von Hippel-Lindau/Hypoxia Inducible Factor Axis in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
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  5. Natural Compounds as Promising Adjuvant Agents in The Treatment of Gliomas.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  6. Tumor Vessels Fuel the Fire in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Stuart J SmithChildren's Brain Tumor Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Jennifer H WardChildren's Brain Tumor Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Christopher TanChildren's Brain Tumor Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Richard G GrundyChildren's Brain Tumor Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Ruman RahmanChildren's Brain Tumor Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
University of Nottingham · GBBrain Tumour Research · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsRecent studies have observed that cells from high-grade glial tumors are capable of assuming an endothelial phenotype and genotype, a process termed 'vasculogenic mimicry' (VM). Here we model and manipulate VM in dynamic 3-dimensional (3D) glioma cultures.

methodsThe Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) was used to derive large macroscopic glioma aggregates, which were sectioned for immunohistochemistry and RNA extracted prior to angiogenic array-PCR.

resultsA 3D cell culture induced microenvironment (containing only glial cells) is sufficient to promote expression of the endothelial markers CD105, CD31 and vWF in a proportion of glioma aggregates in vitro. Many pro-angiogenic genes were upregulated in glioma aggregates and in primary explants and glioma cells were capable of forming tubular-like 3D structures under endothelial-promoting conditions. Competitive inhibition of either vascular endothelial growth factor or fibroblast growth factor receptor was sufficient to impair VM and downregulate the tumor-derived angiogenic response, whilst impairing tumor cell derived tubule formation. Glioma xenografts using the same cells reveal tumor-derived vessel-like structures near necrotic areas, consistent with widespread tumor-derived endothelial expression in primary glioma tissue.

conclusionsOur findings support studies indicating that tumor-derived endothelial cells arise in gliomas and describe a dynamic 3D culture as a bona fide model to interrogate the molecular basis of this phenomenon in vitro. Resistance to current anti-angiogenic therapies and the contribution of tumor derived endothelial cells to such resistance are amenable to study using the RCCS.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorEndothelial CellsGliomaHeterograftsHumansMiceMice, NudeNeovascularization, PathologicReceptors, Fibroblast Growth FactorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AReceptors, Fibroblast Growth FactorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVEGFA protein, humanangiogenesisgliomarotary cell culture systemtumor-derived endotheliumvasculogenic mimicry

Identifiers

PMID26203665
PMCPMC4673156
OpenAlexW1559014997

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.