Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26201014›Full record

SynthesisThe Clinical journal of pain2015

Psychological Interventions for Vaccine Injections in Young Children 0 to 3 Years: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials.

Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Anna Taddio, C Meghan McMurtry, Christine Chambers, Vibhuti Shah, Melanie Noel, HELPinKIDS Team

Open access · hybridAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The Clinical journal of pain, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Reducing pain during vaccine injections: clinical practice guideline.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2015
    Guideline
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Using Non-Violent Discipline Tools: Evidence Suggesting the Importance of Attunement.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Review
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  13. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Rebecca Pillai Riddell*Department of Psychology, York University †Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children §Child Health and Evaluative Sciences ∥∥Department of Neonatology ‡Department of Psychiatry ∥Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy §§Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto ‡‡Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON ¶Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph #Children's Health Research Institute, Children's Hospital **Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, ON ††Department of Pediatrics and Psychology, Centre for Pediatric Pain Research, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada ¶¶Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
Anna Taddio
C Meghan McMurtry
Christine Chambers
Vibhuti Shah
Melanie Noel
HELPinKIDS Team
Western University · CA3M (United States) · USApple (Israel) · ILDalhousie University · CAMount Sinai Hospital · CA

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research KRS 132031
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of distraction for reducing infant distress during vaccinations in young children aged 0 to 3 years. DESIGN/

methodsDatabase searches identified relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Three separate clinical questions related to variants of the psychological strategy of distraction (directed video; directed toy; nondirected toy) were pursued. Distress was identified as the critical outcome to assess the benefits of distraction and extracted from relevant trials. Distress was analyzed by phase of procedure (distress preprocedure; distress acute; distress recovery; idiosyncratic phases based on some or all of the 3 aforementioned phases).

resultsTen studies were included in the review. Significant results are presented herein. For directed video distraction, moderate quality evidence suggested that distress was lowered in the treatment group standardized mean difference (SMD -0.68 lower [95% confidence interval (CI), -1.04 to -0.32]) for the acute+recovery phase as well as the preprocedure phase (SMD -0.49 lower [95% CI, -7.6 to -0.22]). For directed toy distraction, the analysis of low-quality evidence for a combined preprocedure+acute+recovery phase of distress (analysis n=81), suggested that distress was lowered in the treatment group (SMD -0.47 lower [95% CI, -0.91 to -0.02]). An effect for nondirected toy distraction was also seen, analyzing very-low-quality evidence, for the acute distress phase (n=290; SMD -0.93 lower [95% CI, -1.86 to 0.00]).

conclusionGenerally low-quality to very-low-quality evidence suggests that there may be an effect of directed (toy and video) and nondirected toy distraction for children aged 0 to 3 years, for certain phases of the vaccination.

Indexed as

Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicChild, PreschoolDatabases, BibliographicFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornInjectionsMalePainPsychotherapyVaccination

Identifiers

PMID26201014
PMCPMC4900410
OpenAlexW957877687

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.