Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26200491›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2015

Expansion of CTG18.1 Trinucleotide Repeat in TCF4 Is a Potent Driver of Fuchs' Corneal Dystrophy.

Shivakumar Vasanth, Allen O Eghrari, Briana C Gapsis, Jiangxia Wang, Nicolas F Haller, Walter J Stark, Nicholas Katsanis, S Amer Riazuddin, John D Gottsch

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Molecular Studies ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
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  7. Article
  8. Nanopore sequencing method for CTG18.1 expansion in TCF4 in late-onset Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and a comparison of the structural features of cornea with first-degree relatives.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024
    Article
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  11. Article
  12. Review
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  15. Review
  16. Corneal thinning and cornea guttata in patients with mutations in TGFB2.Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie · 2020
    Observational
  17. Review
  18. Molecular Mechanisms of Fuchs and Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Corneal Dystrophies.Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology · 2020
    Review
  19. Human-specific tandem repeat expansion and differential gene expression during primate evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shivakumar VasanthThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Allen O EghrariThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Briana C GapsisThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Jiangxia WangDepartment of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Nicolas F HallerThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Walter J StarkThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Nicholas KatsanisCenter for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.
S Amer RiazuddinThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
John D GottschThe Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Johns Hopkins University · USDuke University · USJohns Hopkins Medicine · US

Funding

Wilmer Core Grant for Vision ResearchP30EY001765 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Ji Yi · 1985 to 2026
$22.1M
Wilmer Inst. Mentored Clinical Research Scholar ProgramK12EY015025 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI James T Handa, Harry Alan Quigley · 2003 to 2026
$8.6M
Genetics of Fuchs Corneal DystrophyR01EY016835 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GOTTSCH, JOHN D · 2007 to 2017
$5.7M
NEI NIH HHS K12 EY015025NEI NIH HHS K12EY015025NEI NIH HHS L30 EY024746NEI NIH HHS P30 EY001765NEI NIH HHS P30EY01765NEI NIH HHS R01 EY016835NEI NIH HHS R01EY016835
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo analyze the expansion of CTG18.1 allele associated with Fuchs' corneal dystrophy (FCD) in our large cohort of late-onset FCD cases.

methodsCTG repeats within the CTG18.1 allele were estimated by short tandem repeat (STR) and triplet primed PCR (TP-PCR) assays in our large cohort of 574 late-onset FCD cases and 354 controls and large multigeneration familial cases. The age versus severity relationships were analyzed in FCD genotypes, namely, nonexpanded (N/N), monoallelic expansion (N/X), and biallelic expansion (X/X) with N ≤ 40 CTG monomers. The threshold for causality conferred by an expansion of CTG18.1 was identified by excluding the population of FCD cases who harbored an allele length equivalent to the maximum CTG monomers observed in the controls.

resultsThe expanded CTG18.1 for (CTG)n>40 showed a strong association (P = 1.56 × 10(-82)) with FCD. Importantly, we delineated the threshold of expansion to 103 CTG repeats above which the allele confers causality in 17.8% of FCD cases. Regression analyses demonstrated a significant correlation between disease severity and age in individuals who harbor either a monoallelic expansion or a biallelic expansion at (CTG) n > 40. These analyses helped predict FCD in two previously unaffected individuals based on their CTG18.1 expansion genotype.

conclusionsA monoallelic expansion of CTG18.1 contributes to increased disease severity and is causal at (CTG)n>103, whereas a biallelic expansion is sufficient to be causal for FCD at (CTG)n>40. This study highlights the largest contributory causal allele for FCD.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAllelesBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsFemaleFuchs' Endothelial DystrophyGenotypeGenotyping TechniquesHumansMaleMicrosatellite RepeatsMiddle AgedPedigreePolymerase Chain ReactionTranscription Factor 4Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsTCF4 protein, humanTranscription Factor 4Transcription Factors

Identifiers

PMID26200491
PMCPMC4515948
OpenAlexW2130191977

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.