ArticleMolecular pain2015
G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunits 1 and 2 are down-regulated in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and spinal cord after peripheral axotomy.
Article in Molecular pain, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- RYGB induces vagal sensory neuropathy characterized by altered Glp1r expression and enhanced exendin-4 responsiveness in male mice.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
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- Activation of G protein gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in keratinocytes mediates peripheral kappa opioid receptor-mediated antinociception.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Discovery, synthesis and biological characterization of a series ofRSC medicinal chemistry · 2021Article
- Intrathecal injection of brilliant blue G, a P2X7 antagonist, attenuates the exercise pressor reflex in rats.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2020Article
- Expression and regulation of FRMD6 in mouse DRG neurons and spinal cord after nerve injury.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- KFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2020Review
- G Protein-Gated Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channel Subunit 3 is Upregulated in Rat DRGs and Spinal Cord After Peripheral Nerve Injury.Journal of pain research · 2020Article
- Discovery, synthesis and characterization of a series of (1-alkyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2-(5-aryl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)acetamides as novel GIRK1/2 potassium channel activators.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2019Article
- Enhanced Postsynaptic GABANeuroscience · 2018Article
- Mu-Opioid Receptor Agonist Induces Kir3 Currents in Mouse Peripheral Sensory Neurons - Effects of Nerve Injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- Breaking barriers to novel analgesic drug development.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2017Review
- Neuropathic Pain: Central vs. Peripheral Mechanisms.Current pain and headache reports · 2017Review
- Effect of nerve injury on the number of dorsal root ganglion neurons and autotomy behavior in adultJournal of pain research · 2017Article
- Neuronal plasticity of trigeminal ganglia in mice following nerve injury.Journal of pain research · 2017Article
- Extracellular Linkers Completely Transplant the Voltage Dependence from Kv1.2 Ion Channels to Kv2.1.Biophysical journal · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIncreased nociceptive neuronal excitability underlies chronic pain conditions. Various ion channels, including sodium, calcium and potassium channels have pivotal roles in the control of neuronal excitability. The members of the family of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, GIRK1-4, have been implicated in modulating excitability. Here, we investigated the expression and distribution of GIRK1 and GIRK2 in normal and injured dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord of rats.
resultsWe found that ~70% of the DRG neurons expressed GIRK1, while only <10% expressed GIRK2. The neurochemical profiles of GIRK1- and GIRK2-immunoreactive neurons were characterized using the neuronal markers calcitonin gene-related peptide, isolectin-B4 and neurofilament-200, and the calcium-binding proteins calbindin D28k, calretinin, parvalbumin and secretagogin. Both GIRK subunits were expressed in DRG neurons with nociceptive characteristics. However, while GIRK1 was widely expressed in several sensory neuronal subtypes, GIRK2 was detected mainly in a group of small C-fiber neurons. In the spinal dorsal horn, GIRK1- and -2-positive cell bodies and processes were mainly observed in lamina II, but also in superficial and deeper layers. Abundant GIRK1-, but not GIRK2-like immunoreactivity, was found in the ventral horn (laminae VI-X). Fourteen days after axotomy, GIRK1 and GIRK2 were down-regulated in DRG neurons at the mRNA and protein levels. Both after axotomy and rhizotomy there was a reduction of GIRK1- and -2-positive processes in the dorsal horn, suggesting a presynaptic localization of these potassium channels. Furthermore, nerve ligation caused accumulation of both subunits on both sides of the lesion, providing evidence for anterograde and retrograde fast axonal transport.
conclusionsOur data support the hypothesis that reduced GIRK function is associated with increased neuronal excitability and causes sensory disturbances in post-injury conditions, including neuropathic pain.
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