Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2015
Plasma Tenofovir, Emtricitabine, and Rilpivirine and Intracellular Tenofovir Diphosphate and Emtricitabine Triphosphate Pharmacokinetics following Drug Intake Cessation.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetics of Antiretroviral Drugs in Older People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Pooled it
- Emtricitabine-Triphosphate in Dried Blood Spots as a Marker of Recent Dosing.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Pooled it
- Plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of tenofovir following cessation in adults with controlled levels of adherence to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Trial
- Race/Ethnicity and Protease Inhibitor Use Influence Plasma Tenofovir Exposure in Adults Living with HIV-1 in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5202.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Trial
- Monitoring HIV Antiretroviral Therapy via Aptamer-Based Measurements in Preclinical Animal Models, in Human Plasma.Advanced sensor research · 2025Article
- Population pharmacokinetics of rilpivirine following oral administration and long-acting intramuscular injection in real-world people with HIV.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Real-world trough concentrations and effectiveness of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine: a multicenter prospective observational study in Switzerland.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Population pharmacokinetics of tenofovir, emtricitabine and intracellular metabolites in transgender women.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Forgiveness of INSTI-Containing Regimens at Drug Concentrations Simulating Variable AdherenceAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Review
- A Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model to Predict Effective HIV Prophylaxis Dosing Strategies for People Who Inject Drugs.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2018Article
- Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Persistence in Cellular and Anatomic Reservoirs in Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed Infant Rhesus Macaques.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics Analysis of Rilpivirine in HIV-1-Infected Individuals.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges for long acting injectable therapies: Insights for applications in HIV therapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2016Review
- Model Linking Plasma and Intracellular Tenofovir/Emtricitabine with Deoxynucleoside Triphosphates.PloS one · 2016Observational
- Dosing antiretroviral medication when crossing time zones: a review.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic (PK) data describing a prolonged time course of antiretrovirals in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are important for understanding and managing late or missed doses and to assess the appropriateness of compounds for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). This study aimed to evaluate the PK of coformulated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF), emtricitabine, and rilpivirine in plasma and of the intracellular (IC) anabolites tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) and emtricitabine triphosphate (FTC-TP) in healthy volunteers up to 9 days after drug cessation. Individuals received daily tenofovir DF-emtricitabine-rilpivirine (245/200/25 mg) for 14 days. Drug intake was stopped, and serial sampling occurred prior to the final dose and up to 216 h (9 days) after stopping drug intake. Concentrations were quantified and PK parameters calculated. Eighteen volunteers completed the study. The terminal elimination plasma half-lives for tenofovir and emtricitabine over 216 h (geometric mean [90% confidence interval]) were higher than those seen over 0 to 24 h (for tenofovir, 31 h [27 to 40 h] versus 13.3 h [12.5 to 15.1 h]; for emtricitabine, 41 h [36 to 54 h] versus 6.4 h (5.9 to 7.6 h]). Model-predicted IC half-lives (0 to 168 h) were 116 h (TFV-DP) and 37 h (FTC-TP). The plasma rilpivirine concentration at 216 h was 4.5 ng/ml (4.2 to 6.2 ng/ml), and half-lives over 0 to 216 h and 0 to 24 h were 47 h (41 to 59 h) and 35 h (28 to 46 h), respectively. These data contribute to our understanding of drug behavior following treatment interruption; however, adherence to therapy should be promoted. Validated plasma and IC target concentrations are necessary to allow interpretation with respect to sustained virus suppression or HIV prevention. (The trial was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki [EudraCT 2012-002781-13].).
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