ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2015
The Impact of Ventilation and Early Diagnosis on Tuberculosis Transmission in Brazilian Prisons.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03028129 (Primary Prophylaxis for Prevention of TB in Prison's Populations), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Primary Prophylaxis for Prevention of TB in Prison's Populations
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Transmission models of respiratory infections in carceral settings: A systematic review.Epidemics · 2025Pooled it
- Prison cell spatial density and infectious and communicable diseases: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- Dynamic Models of Infectious Disease Transmission in Prisons and the General Population.Epidemiologic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Primary Prophylaxis to Prevent Tuberculosis Infection in Prison Inmates: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Systematic review of the tuberculosis burden in prisons: Regional patterns and gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean.Global epidemiology · 2026Review
- Comparative impacts and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis systematic screening strategies in prisons in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru: A mathematical modeling study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Accelerating tuberculosis diagnosis in Mozambican prisons using digital chest X-rays with computer-aided detection: a longitudinal, comprehensive health intervention.BMC global and public health · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis in prisons: an integrated prevention and care cascade for a persistent structural epidemic.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Article
- An explainable artificial intelligence framework reveals mutations associated with drug resistance inBiosafety and health · 2025Article
- Comparative impacts and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis active case-finding strategies in prisons in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru: a mathematical modeling study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Transgression of planetary boundaries and the effects on child health through an infectious diseases lens.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Transmission ofEpidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Performance of five dynamic models in predicting tuberculosis incidence in three prisons in Thailand.PloS one · 2025Article
- Role of tuberculosis symptoms in transmission risk to cell contacts in prisons.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Drug-resistant tuberculosis: a persistent global health concern.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Enduring Injustice: Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Carceral Settings.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Assessment of tuberculosis transmission probability in three Thai prisons based on five dynamic models.PloS one · 2024Article
- Tuberculosis in Prisons: Importance of Considering the Clustering in the Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Ventilation conditions during COVID-19 outbreaks in six California state carceral institutions.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Prisoners have among the highest incidence of tuberculosis (TB) globally. However, the contribution of the prison environment on transmission is not well understood and structural characteristics have received little attention as effective epidemiological interventions in TB control. We evaluated architectural characteristics and estimated ventilation rates in 141 cells in three prisons in central west Brazil using steady-state exhaled carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. We used a modified Wells-Riley equation to estimate the probability of infection for inmates sharing a cell with an infectious case and projected the impact of interventions, including early diagnosis and improved ventilation. Overall, prison cells were densely populated (mean 2.1 m(2) per occupant) and poorly ventilated, with only three cells meeting World Health Organization (WHO) standards for per-person ventilation (60 L/s) applied in infection control settings. In the absence of interventions, projected mean risk of infection was 78.0% during a 6-month period. Decreasing time-to-diagnosis by 25% reduced transmission risk by 8.3%. Improving ventilation to WHO standards decreased transmission by 38.2%, whereas optimizing cross-ventilation reduced transmission by 64.4%. Prison environments promote high infection risk over short-time intervals. In this context, enhanced diagnostics have a limited impact on reducing transmission. Improving natural ventilation may be required to effectively control TB in prisons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.