ArticleEuropean neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology2015
Effects of oral temazepam on sleep spindles during non-rapid eye movement sleep: A high-density EEG investigation.
Article in European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Biological Sex Differences in Sleep Spindles and Slow Wave Activity in Adults With and Without Insomnia.Journal of sleep research · 2026Pooled it
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- The Space-Time Organisation of Sleep Slow Oscillations as Potential Biomarker for Hypersomnolence.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Neurophysiological effects of targeting sleep spindles with closed-loop auditory stimulation.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2025Article
- Age-related changes in sleep spindle characteristics in individuals over 75 years of age: a retrospective and comparative study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
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- CBD lengthens sleep but shortens ripples and leads to intact simple but worse cumulative memory.iScience · 2023Article
- Quantitative Sleep Electroencephalogram in Parkinson's Disease: A Case-Control Study.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
- Effects of Anti-Seizure Medication on Sleep Spindles and Slow Waves in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Pharmacotherapeutic management of insomnia and effects on sleep processes, neural plasticity, and brain systems modulating stress: A narrative review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy: A Potential Measure for the Impact of Sleep Medication on Brain Dynamics of Patients with Insomnia.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Alprazolam-induced EEG spectral power changes in rhesus monkeys: a translational model for the evaluation of the behavioral effects of benzodiazepines.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Role of corpus callosum in sleep spindle synchronization and coupling with slow waves.Brain communications · 2021Article
- Sleep and Circadian Rhythm in Critical Illness.Critical care (London, England) · 2019Review
- Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Sleep Spindle Sources Across NREM Sleep Cycles.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Effects of oral temazepam on slow waves during non-rapid eye movement sleep in healthy young adults: A high-density EEG investigation.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2016Article
- Parietal Fast Sleep Spindle Density Decrease in Alzheimer's Disease and Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment.Neural plasticity · 2016Article
- Slow sleep spindle and procedural memory consolidation in patients with major depressive disorder.Nature and science of sleep · 2016Article
- Pharmacotherapy for sleep during critical illness and beyond.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Benzodiazepines are commonly used medications that alter sleep spindles during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, however the topographic changes to these functionally significant waveforms have yet to be fully elucidated. This study utilized high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) to investigate topographic changes in sleep spindles and spindle-range activity caused by temazepam during NREM sleep in 18 healthy adults. After an accommodation night, sleep for all participants was recorded on two separate nights after taking either placebo or oral temazepam 15 mg. Sleep was monitored using 256-channel hdEEG. Spectral analysis and spindle waveform detection of sleep EEG data were performed for each participant night. Global and topographic data were subsequently compared between temazepam and placebo conditions. Temazepam was associated with significant increases in spectral power from 10.33 to 13.83 Hz. Within this frequency band, temazepam broadly increased sleep spindle duration, and topographically increased spindle amplitude and density in frontal and central-posterior regions, respectively. Higher frequency sleep spindles demonstrated increased spindle amplitude and a paradoxical decrease in spindle density in frontal and centroparietal regions. Further analysis demonstrated temazepam both slowed the average frequency of spindle waveforms and increased the relative proportion of spindles at peak frequencies in frontal and centroparietal regions. These findings suggest that benzodiazepines have diverse effects on sleep spindles that vary by frequency and cortical topography. Further research that explores the relationships between topographic and frequency-dependent changes in pharmacologically-induced sleep spindles and the functional effects of these waveforms is indicated.
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