ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2015
Trade-offs in antibody repertoires to complex antigens.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variable progressive behavior ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A paradigm shift in simulating affinity maturation to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Hyper-diverse antigenic variation and resilience to transmission-reducing intervention in falciparum malaria.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Mechanisms that promote the evolution of cross-reactive antibodies upon vaccination with designed influenza immunogens.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Germinal centers are permissive to subdominant antibody responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Design of immunogens for eliciting antibody responses that may protect against SARS-CoV-2 variants.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Multiscale affinity maturation simulations to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Moving the needle: Employing deep reinforcement learning to push the boundaries of coarse-grained vaccine models.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A scalable model for simulating multi-round antibody evolution and benchmarking of clonal tree reconstruction methods.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Coevolutionary transitions emerging from flexible molecular recognition and eco-evolutionary feedback.iScience · 2021Article
- Roadmap on biology in time varying environments.Physical biology · 2021Review
- Mechanisms underlying vaccination protocols that may optimally elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies against highly mutable pathogens.Physical review. E · 2021Article
- Defining and Manipulating B Cell Immunodominance Hierarchies to Elicit Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Responses against Influenza Virus.Cell systems · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
- Optimizing immunization protocols to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Tuning environmental timescales to evolve and maintain generalists.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Network Organization of Antibody Interactions in Sequence and Structure Space: the RADARS Model.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Evolving generalists in switching rugged landscapes.PLoS computational biology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pathogens vary in their antigenic complexity. While some pathogens such as measles present a few relatively invariant targets to the immune system, others such as malaria display considerable antigenic diversity. How the immune response copes in the presence of multiple antigens, and whether a trade-off exists between the breadth and efficacy of antibody (Ab)-mediated immune responses, are unsolved problems. We present a theoretical model of affinity maturation of B-cell receptors (BCRs) during a primary infection and examine how variation in the number of accessible antigenic sites alters the Ab repertoire. Naive B cells with randomly generated receptor sequences initiate the germinal centre (GC) reaction. The binding affinity of a BCR to an antigen is quantified via a genotype-phenotype map, based on a random energy landscape, that combines local and distant interactions between residues. In the presence of numerous antigens or epitopes, B-cell clones with different specificities compete for stimulation during rounds of mutation within GCs. We find that the availability of many epitopes reduces the affinity and relative breadth of the Ab repertoire. Despite the stochasticity of somatic hypermutation, patterns of immunodominance are strongly shaped by chance selection of naive B cells with specificities for particular epitopes. Our model provides a mechanistic basis for the diversity of Ab repertoires and the evolutionary advantage of antigenically complex pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.