ArticleSleep2015
Early Blood Lead Levels and Sleep Disturbance in Preadolescence.
Article in Sleep, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is exposure to chemical pollutants associated with sleep outcomes? A systematic review.Sleep medicine reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Association Between Trace Elements and Sleep Duration in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence from a Kurdish Population in Western Iran.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Associations of a metal mixture and vitamin D with sleep duration among adolescents and young adults from the 2011-2018 NHANES cycles.Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2025Article
- Effects of Cadmium and Lead Co-exposure on Sleep Status in Rural Areas Northwestern China.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Childhood lead exposure and sleep problems in adolescents: a longitudinal cohort study.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Article
- The Causal Association Between Blood Lead and Sleep Disorders: Evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Assessing Neurobehavioral Alterations Among E-waste Recycling Workers in Hong Kong.Safety and health at work · 2024Article
- Childhood sleep: assessments, risk factors, and potential mechanisms.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Review
- Family- and neighborhood-level environmental associations with physical health conditions in 9- and 10-year-olds.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2023Article
- Longitudinal association of early childhood lead exposure and adolescent heart rate variability: influence of parental education.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2022Article
- Disrupted Sleep Homeostasis and Altered Expressions of Clock Genes in Rats with Chronic Lead Exposure.Toxics · 2021Article
- Environmental exposures and sleep outcomes: A review of evidence, potential mechanisms, and implications.Environmental research · 2021Review
- Blood lead and mercury levels are associated with low resting heart rate in community adolescent boys.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2021Article
- Developmental exposure to PbChemosphere · 2020Article
- Prediction of sleep side effects following methylphenidate treatment in ADHD youth.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- Childhood lead poisoning from domestic products in China: A case study with implications for practice, education, and policy.Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) · 2019Article
- Cumulative Childhood Lead Levels in Relation to Sleep During Adolescence.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2019Article
- Agreement between parent-reports and child self-reports of sleep problems in Chinese children.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2018Article
- Association between Erythrocyte Membrane Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Sleep Disturbance in Chinese Children and Adolescents.Nutrients · 2018Article
- The mediating role of sleep in the fish consumption - cognitive functioning relationship: a cohort study.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesLittle is known about the effect of lead exposure on children's sleep. This study examined the association between blood lead levels (BLL) and sleep problems in a longitudinal study of children.
settingFour community-based elementary schools in Jintan City, China.
participants1,419 Chinese children. MEASUREMENT AND
resultsBLL were measured when children were aged 3-5 y, and sleep was assessed at ages 9-13 y. Sleep was assessed by both parents' report, using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and children's report, using an adolescent sleep questionnaire. A total of 665 children with complete data on BLL and sleep at both ages were included in the current study. Mean age of the sample at BLL assessment was 4.74 y (standard deviation [SD] = 0.89) and at sleep assessment was 11.05 y (SD = 0.88). Mean BLL was 6.26 μg/dL (SD = 2.54). There were significant positive correlations between BLL and 3 CSHQ subscales: Sleep onset delay (r = 0.113, P < 0.01), sleep duration (r = 0.139, P < 0.001), and night waking (r = 0.089, P < 0.05). Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (26.1% versus 9.0%, P < 0.001) and use of sleeping pills (6.5% versus 1.8%, P = 0.03) were more prevalent in children BLL ≥ 10.0 μg/dL than in those children BLL < 10.0 μg/dL. After adjusting for demographics, BLL ≥ 10.0 μg/dL was significantly associated with increased risk for insomnia symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-3.95) and EDS (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.27-6.61).
conclusionThe findings indicate that elevated blood lead levels in early childhood are associated with increased risk for sleep problems and excessive daytime sleepiness in later childhood.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.