ArticleInhalation toxicology2015
Olfactory deposition of inhaled nanoparticles in humans.
Article in Inhalation toxicology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does protracted radon exposure play a role in the development of dementia?Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- Chitosan-Based Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery for Management of Neurological Disorders: Intrinsic Neuroprotective Action and Carrier Capabilities.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Updated Knowledge on Radon Exposure: Quantification Methods, Health Effects, and Molecular Mechanisms.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Air quality and health implications of exposure to ultrafine particle pollution.Cardiovascular research · 2026Article
- Quantifying Olfactory and Alveolar Deposition of Ultrafine Particles Using Multiscale Modeling: Implications for Brain Exposure.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Fate of 1 to 6 nm Candle Combustion Nanoparticles in Indoor Atmospheric Environments.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach for Direct Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Incidental vs. Engineered Nanoparticles in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: Pathological Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions.Nano research · 2025Article
- Can Panax ginseng help protect the body from the harmful effects of airborne particulate matter?Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Pathways to the Brain: Impact of Fine Particulate Matter Components on the Central Nervous System.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ambient Air Pollution and Smell Function: Evidence from the National Geographic Smell Survey.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Nose-to-brain drug delivery: from bench to bedside.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- On the origin of metal species in the human brain: a perspective on key physicochemical properties.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2025Review
- Mechanistic insights regarding neuropsychiatric and neuropathologic impacts of air pollution.Critical reviews in toxicology · 2024Review
- Rapid Nucleation and Growth of Indoor Atmospheric Nanocluster Aerosol during the Use of Scented Volatile Chemical Products in Residential Buildings.ACS ES&T air · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Micrometer-Sized Particle Deposition in the Olfactory Regions of Adult and Pediatric Nasal Cavities: A Computational Study.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Gold Nanoparticles: Tunable Characteristics and Potential for Nasal Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Label-Free In Situ Chemical Characterization of Amyloid Plaques in Human Brain Tissues.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Silica Nanoparticle Exposure Caused Brain Lesion and Underlying Toxicological Mechanism: Route-Dependent Bio-Corona Formation and GSK3β Phosphorylation Status.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextInhaled nanoparticles can migrate to the brain via the olfactory bulb, as demonstrated in experiments in several animal species. This route of exposure may be the mechanism behind the correlation between air pollution and human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
objectivesThis article aims to (i) estimate the dose of inhaled nanoparticles that deposit in the human olfactory epithelium during nasal breathing at rest and (ii) compare the olfactory dose in humans with our earlier dose estimates for rats. MATERIALS AND
methodsAn anatomically-accurate model of the human nasal cavity was developed based on computed tomography scans. The deposition of 1-100 nm particles in the whole nasal cavity and its olfactory region were estimated via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Our CFD methods were validated by comparing our numerical predictions for whole-nose deposition with experimental data and previous CFD studies in the literature.
resultsIn humans, olfactory dose of inhaled nanoparticles is highest for 1-2 nm particles with ∼1% of inhaled particles depositing in the olfactory region. As particle size grows to 100 nm, olfactory deposition decreases to 0.01% of inhaled particles. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionOur results suggest that the percentage of inhaled particles that deposit in the olfactory region is lower in humans than in rats. However, olfactory dose per unit surface area is estimated to be higher in humans in the 1--7 nm size range due to the larger inhalation rate in humans. These dose estimates are important for risk assessment and dose-response studies investigating the neurotoxicity of inhaled nanoparticles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.