ArticleCancer2015
Overall and central adiposity and breast cancer risk in the Sister Study.
Article in Cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overweight and obesity increase breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of 38 observational studies.GeroScience · 2026Pooled it
- Role of body mass index and weight change in the risk of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 cohort studies.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- The relationship between central obesity and risk of breast cancer: a dose-response meta-analysis of 7,989,315 women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Advances in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Driven Effects in Breast Cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison of general obesity and measures of body fat distribution in older adults in relation to cancer risk: meta-analysis of individual participant data of seven prospective cohorts in Europe.British journal of cancer · 2017Pooled it
- Race and clinical outcomes in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive breast cancer in the randomized RxPONDER trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Trial
- The Dose-Response Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Body Composition and Breast Tissue among Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Trial.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2016Trial
- Multidimensional risk impact of obesity on breast cancer incidence, treatment, and prognosis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Review
- PCOS and breast cancer risk: hormonal modulation and epidemiological trends.Reproductive health · 2026Review
- Metabolic Endotoxemia Amplifies Estrogen Signaling Through Stromal Crosstalk in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Oestrogen changes at menopause: insights into obesity-associated breast risk and outcomes.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- MRI-Derived Body Composition and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women: UK Biobank Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- Under-recognized risk factors and low perceived breast cancer risk among rural women in South-central China: A multisite cross-sectional study.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2025Article
- Firmicutes in gut microbiota: hormonal influence on breast cancer in obese individuals.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Anthropometry and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Moroccan Women: A Large Multicentric Case-Control Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic variation in body composition and prognosis of nonmetastatic breast cancer.Cancer · 2025Article
- Lipid Metabolism and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Prognostic Implications and Chemotherapy-Induced Dyslipidemia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Central and peripheral adiposity and premenopausal breast cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 440,179 women.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Adiposity throughout Adulthood and Risk of Young-Onset Breast Cancer Tumor Subtypes in the Young Women's Health History Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Implications of obesity and insulin resistance for the treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.British journal of cancer · 2024Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGreater body mass index (BMI), a measure of overall adiposity, is associated with a higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. The role of central adiposity, often measured by waist circumference, is less well understood, especially among premenopausal women. The objective of the current study was to examine multiple measures of adiposity in relation to breast cancer in a prospective cohort study.
methodsA total of 50,884 Sister Study cohort participants aged 35 to 74 years were enrolled from 2003 through 2009. Inclusion criteria for the cohort included having a sister previously diagnosed with breast cancer. Trained study personnel measured height, weight, and waist and hip circumference during a home visit and study participants completed a detailed questionnaire. Using Cox regression analysis, we estimated multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for breast cancer risk associated with adiposity measurements, considering tumor subtype and menopausal status.
resultsIn total, 2009 breast cancers were diagnosed during follow-up (mean = 5.4 years). Weight, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio were found to be positively associated with overall breast cancer risk and HRs were greater among postmenopausal women, those with hormonally responsive tumors, and women who were not currently using postmenopausal hormones. In models that adjusted for BMI, waist circumference associations persisted among both postmenopausal women (81-88 cm vs ≤80 cm: HR = 1.16 [95% CI 1.01-1.35] and >88 cm vs ≤80 cm: HR = 1.30 [95% CI 1.10-1.54]) and premenopausal women (81-88 cm vs ≤80 cm: HR = 1.56 [95% CI 1.19-2.04] and >88 cm vs ≤80 cm: HR = 1.30 [95% CI 0.91-1.87]).
conclusionsFindings from this large, prospective study with examiner-measured body size indicate that waist circumference is independently and positively associated with both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.