ArticlePloS one2015
FLIMX: A Software Package to Determine and Analyze the Fluorescence Lifetime in Time-Resolved Fluorescence Data from the Human Eye.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Fundus autofluorescence lifetimes in age-related macular degeneration versus healthy controls in a pseudophakic population.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Article
- Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy, Vision, and Chorioretinal Asymmetries in Aging and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: ALSTAR2.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Hyperautofluorescent material inside areas of macular atrophy may reveal non-lipofuscin fluorophores in late stage AMD.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Article
- Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy adds the retina to cortical pathology for visual dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- From Cellular to Metabolic: Advances in Imaging of Inherited Retinal Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Real-time open-source FLIM analysis.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Fluorescence Lifetime and Spectral Characteristics of Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits and Their Predictive Value for Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Prolonged Lifetimes of Histologic Autofluorescence in Ectopic Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Combining fluorescence lifetime with spectral information in fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO).Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Suppression of natural lens fluorescence in fundus autofluorescence measurements: review of hardware solutions.Biomedical optics express · 2022Review
- Progressive Dysmorphia of Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Investigated by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Automatic segmentation of skin cells in multiphoton data using multi-stage merging.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Comparing Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy in Atrophic Areas of Retinal Diseases.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- The Influence of Cataract on Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy (FLIO).Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Comparison of algorithms to suppress artifacts from the natural lens in fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO).Biomedical optics express · 2020Article
- Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) in Patients with Choroideremia.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Autofluorescence Lifetimes Measured with Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) Are Affected by Age, but Not by Pigmentation or Gender.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Influence of Lens Fluorescence on Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) Fundus Imaging and Strategies for Its Compensation.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME IMAGING OPHTHALMOSCOPY (FLIO) PATTERNS IN CLINICALLY UNAFFECTED CHILDREN OF MACULAR TELANGIECTASIA TYPE 2 (MACTEL) PATIENTS.Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) is a new technique for measuring the in vivo autofluorescence intensity decays generated by endogenous fluorophores in the ocular fundus. Here, we present a software package called FLIM eXplorer (FLIMX) for analyzing FLIO data. Specifically, we introduce a new adaptive binning approach as an optimal tradeoff between the spatial resolution and the number of photons required per pixel. We also expand existing decay models (multi-exponential, stretched exponential, spectral global analysis, incomplete decay) to account for the layered structure of the eye and present a method to correct for the influence of the crystalline lens fluorescence on the retina fluorescence. Subsequently, the Holm-Bonferroni method is applied to FLIO measurements to allow for group comparisons between patients and controls on the basis of fluorescence lifetime parameters. The performance of the new approaches was evaluated in five experiments. Specifically, we evaluated static and adaptive binning in a diabetes mellitus patient, we compared the different decay models in a healthy volunteer and performed a group comparison between diabetes patients and controls. An overview of the visualization capabilities and a comparison of static and adaptive binning is shown for a patient with macular hole. FLIMX's applicability to fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy is shown in the ganglion cell layer of a porcine retina sample, obtained by a laser scanning microscope using two-photon excitation.
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