ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2015
Incidence and Costs of Clostridium difficile Infections in Canada.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04138706 (Initial Vancomycin Taper for the Prevention of Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Initial Vancomycin Taper for the Prevention of Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Epidemiologic profile of community-acquiredEpidemiology and infection · 2025Pooled it
- Initial Vancomycin Taper for the Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of Bio-K+ for the prevention ofInfection control and hospital epidemiology · 2024Trial
- Article
- Diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis ofJournal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2026Article
- Characterization of Adult and Pediatric Healthcare-Associated and Community-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infections, Canada, 2015-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Determination of the performance of a novel diagnostic test forJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Fidaxomicin to prevent recurrentJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Severe Clostridioides difficile Infection in Patients with Cancer.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Article
- Hospital and related resource costs associated with antimicrobial-resistant infections in Canada, 2019.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2022Article
- Characterization of Healthcare-Associated and Community-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infections among Adults, Canada, 2015-2019.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Economic burden and cost-effectiveness of therapies forTherapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Impact of a mobile decision support tool on antimicrobial stewardship indicators in St. John's, Canada.PloS one · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of community-acquired and recurrentTherapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Increased Community-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infections in Quebec, Canada, 2008-2015Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Article
- The Clinical Burden ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Patient Experiences withPatient preference and adherence · 2020Article
- The Phylogeny and Biological Function of Gastric Juice-Microbiological Consequences of Removing Gastric Acid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Direct cost of health care for individuals with community associated Clostridium difficile infections: A population-based cohort study.PloS one · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background. Limited data are available on direct medical costs and lost productivity due to Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in Canada. Methods. We developed an economic model to estimate the costs of managing hospitalized and community-dwelling patients with CDI in Canada. The number of episodes was projected based on publicly available national rates of hospital-associated CDI and the estimate that 64% of all CDI is hospital-associated. Clostridium difficile infection recurrences were classified as relapses or reinfections. Resource utilization data came from published literature, clinician interviews, and Canadian CDI surveillance programs, and this included the following: hospital length of stay, contact with healthcare providers, pharmacotherapy, laboratory testing, and in-hospital procedures. Lost productivity was considered for those under 65 years of age, and the economic impact was quantified using publicly available labor statistics. Unit costs were obtained from published sources and presented in 2012 Canadian dollars. Results. There were an estimated 37 900 CDI episodes in Canada in 2012; 7980 (21%) of these were relapses, out of a total of 10 900 (27%) episodes of recurrence. The total cost to society of CDI was estimated at $281 million; 92% ($260 million) was in-hospital costs, 4% ($12 million) was direct medical costs in the community, and 4% ($10 million) was due to lost productivity. Management of CDI relapses alone accounted for $65.1 million (23%). Conclusions. The largest proportion of costs due to CDI in Canada arise from extra days of hospitalization. Interventions reducing the severity of infection and/or relapses leading to rehospitalizations are likely to have the largest absolute effect on direct medical costs.
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Registered trials
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