Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26190806›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2015

Implementation and Evaluation of a School-Based Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Program in Rural Kentucky.

Robin C Vanderpool, Patrick J Breheny, Peggy A Tiller, Carol A Huckelby, Amy D Edwards, Kristi D Upchurch, Cynthia A Phillips, Christine F Weyman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Increasing HPV Vaccination Uptake among Adolescents: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. What cancers explain the growing rural-urban gap in human papillomavirus-associated cancer incidence?The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
    Article
  7. Determining the Impact of a Community-Based Intervention on Knowledge Gained and Attitudes Towards the HPV Vaccine in Virginia.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. National and State-Specific Estimates of Settings of Receiving Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Adolescents in the United States.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2021
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Human Papillomavirus Immunization in Rural Primary Care.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Epidemiology and Implementation of Cancer Prevention in Disparate Populations and Settings.American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting · 2019
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Robin C VanderpoolDepartment of Health Behavior, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. Electronic address: robin@kcr.uky.edu.
Patrick J BrehenyDepartment of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Peggy A TillerLake Cumberland District Health Department, Somerset, Kentucky.
Carol A HuckelbyLake Cumberland District Health Department, Somerset, Kentucky.
Amy D EdwardsLake Cumberland District Health Department, Somerset, Kentucky.
Kristi D UpchurchLake Cumberland District Health Department, Somerset, Kentucky.
Cynthia A PhillipsLake Cumberland District Health Department, Somerset, Kentucky.
Christine F WeymanLake Cumberland District Health Department, Somerset, Kentucky.

Funding

NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48 DP001932
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates remain marginal across the U.S., including Kentucky, a state recognized for increased HPV-related cancer burden. School-based HPV immunization programs may be a viable approach to improving vaccination initiation and completion rates among youth. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate a school-based HPV vaccination program conducted in rural south-central Kentucky.

methodsGuided by evidence-based approaches to increasing immunization rates, the practical expertise of school nursing staff, and a detailed study protocol, academic and health department-based investigators implemented an HPV vaccination project in two high schools during the 2012-2013 academic year; data were analyzed in 2013-2014. Rates of returned parental consent forms, parental consent/declination, and HPV vaccination rates were documented.

resultsAt the beginning of the school year, all 935 students at the two schools were given HPV vaccination parental consent forms. Five hundred eleven students returned consent forms (55% return rate), and 447 of these students were HPV vaccine naïve (87%). Of these students, 315 (70%) initiated the vaccine series, with 276 (62%) completing the entire three-dose series, so that 88% of students initiating the vaccine series successfully completed the series. In estimating rates for the entire school body, 45% of students had received all three doses by the end of the project.

conclusionsDespite study design limitations, results of this project provide further evidence about school-based immunization programs as an effective strategy for improving HPV vaccination rates among Kentucky and U.S. adolescents.

Indexed as

School Health ServicesAdolescentEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleHumansKentuckyMalePapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesParental ConsentRural PopulationStudentsVaccinationPapillomavirus Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID26190806
PMCPMC13599058

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.