ArticleAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2015
Repeated Injections of IL-2 Break Renal Allograft Tolerance Induced via Mixed Hematopoietic Chimerism in Monkeys.
Article in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preclinical and clinical studies on kidney allograft tolerance via hematopoietic chimerism.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Review
- Cytokines in transplantation tolerance.Best practice & research. Clinical haematology · 2025Review
- Chimerism and immunological tolerance in solid organ transplantation.Seminars in immunopathology · 2025Review
- A humanized IL-2 mutein expands Tregs and prolongs transplant survival in preclinical models.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Assessment of the Relationship Between Inflammation and Glomerular Filtration Rate.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2023Article
- Strategies for Liver Transplantation Tolerance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Non-human Primate Regulatory T Cells and Their Assessment as Cellular Therapeutics in Preclinical Transplantation Models.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Treg Therapies Revisited: Tolerance Beyond Deletion.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Resilience of T cell-intrinsic dysfunction in transplantation tolerance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Transplant research in nonhuman primates to evaluate clinically relevant immune strategies in organ transplantation.Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.) · 2019Review
- Ablation of interferon regulatory factor 4 in T cells induces "memory" of transplant tolerance that is irreversible by immune checkpoint blockade.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2019Article
- Inhibition of Autophagy Prolongs Recipient Survival Through Promoting CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Addition of Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody to Nonmyeloablative Conditioning With Belatacept Abrogated Allograft Tolerance Despite Induction of Mixed Chimerism.Transplantation · 2019Article
- Immune Tolerance Therapy: A New Method for Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury.Chinese medical journal · 2018Review
- Maintaining T cell tolerance of alloantigens: Lessons from animal studies.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2018Review
- Contemporary Strategies and Barriers to Transplantation Tolerance.Transplantation · 2018Review
- Preclinical and clinical studies for transplant tolerance via the mixed chimerism approach.Human immunology · 2018Review
- Long-term Nonhuman Primate Renal Allograft Survival Without Ongoing Immunosuppression in Recipients of Delayed Donor Bone Marrow Transplantation.Transplantation · 2018Article
- Fifty Shades of Tolerance: Beyond a Binary Tolerant/Non-Tolerant Paradigm.Current transplantation reports · 2017Article
- Mechanisms of Mixed Chimerism-Based Transplant Tolerance.Trends in immunology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tolerance of allografts achieved in mice via stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism relies essentially on continuous elimination of developing alloreactive T cells in the thymus (central deletion). Conversely, while only transient mixed chimerism is observed in nonhuman primates and patients, it is sufficient to ensure tolerance of kidney allografts. In this setting, it is likely that tolerance depends on peripheral regulatory mechanisms rather than thymic deletion. This implies that, in primates, upsetting the balance between inflammatory and regulatory alloimmunity could abolish tolerance and trigger the rejection of previously accepted renal allografts. In this study, six monkeys that were treated with a mixed chimerism protocol and had accepted a kidney allograft for periods of 1-10 years after withdrawal of immunosuppression received subcutaneous injections of IL-2 cytokine (0.6-3 × 10(6) IU/m(2) ). This resulted in rapid rejection of previously tolerated renal transplants and was associated with an expansion and reactivation of alloreactive pro-inflammatory memory T cells in the host's lymphoid organs and in the graft. This phenomenon was prevented by anti-CD8 antibody treatment. Finally, this process was reversible in that cessation of IL-2 administration aborted the rejection process and restored normal kidney graft function.
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Registered trials
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