ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2015
Mechanisms of drug resistance: quinolone resistance.
Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 344 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
344 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 653 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Tanzania: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Together or Apart? Revealing the Impact of Dietary Interventions on Bioavailability of Quinolones: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Pooled it
- Human depopulation reshapes antimicrobial resistance dynamics in wildlife through ecological and transmission processes.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Sewage surveillance for assessing clinical antibiotic resistance prevalence: Combining metagenomic and phenotypic data.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Comparative study of antibiotic resistance and virulence profiles of exoU and exoS Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from urinary tract infections and microbial keratitis in Bangladesh and India.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Assessment of pathogenic traits in selected bacteria isolated from snowy environments in France and Greenland.Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions · 2026Article
- Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors: A New Front in an Old War.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Review
- Adjuvant Effect of Meldrum's Acid Derivatives on Antibiotic Activity Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica isolates from retail chicken products in Kuwait.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Combating multidrug-resistant pathogens, breast cancer (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) using biofabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genomic Characterization of Colistin and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From resistance mechanisms to therapy: Antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Review
- Prevalence, resistance profile of ESKAPEE pathogens, and molecular detection of PMQR-associated genes among Levofloxacin-resistant gram-negative ESKAPEE isolates from critically-ill patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Biotransformation of Coumarins: Mechanisms and Pharmaceutical Potential.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Current Recommendations, Antibiotic Resistance, and Emerging Treatments for Gram-Positive Ocular Infections in the United States.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Restoring ciprofloxacin efficacy via β-caryophyllene synergy for concurrent infection control and tissue regeneration.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology of levofloxacin-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- A Review of Fluoroquinolones with a Focus on Veterinary-Approved Agents.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Genomic Characterization, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, andAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
284 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Quinolone antimicrobials are synthetic and widely used in clinical medicine. Resistance emerged with clinical use and became common in some bacterial pathogens. Mechanisms of resistance include two categories of mutation and acquisition of resistance-conferring genes. Resistance mutations in one or both of the two drug target enzymes, DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV, are commonly in a localized domain of the GyrA and ParE subunits of the respective enzymes and reduce drug binding to the enzyme-DNA complex. Other resistance mutations occur in regulatory genes that control the expression of native efflux pumps localized in the bacterial membrane(s). These pumps have broad substrate profiles that include quinolones as well as other antimicrobials, disinfectants, and dyes. Mutations of both types can accumulate with selection pressure and produce highly resistant strains. Resistance genes acquired on plasmids can confer low-level resistance that promotes the selection of mutational high-level resistance. Plasmid-encoded resistance is due to Qnr proteins that protect the target enzymes from quinolone action, one mutant aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme that also modifies certain quinolones, and mobile efflux pumps. Plasmids with these mechanisms often encode additional antimicrobial resistances and can transfer multidrug resistance that includes quinolones. Thus, the bacterial quinolone resistance armamentarium is large.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.