Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26187183›Full record

Trial reportCirculation2015

A Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial of a Simplified Multifaceted Management Program for Individuals at High Cardiovascular Risk (SimCard Trial) in Rural Tibet, China, and Haryana, India.

Maoyi Tian, Vamadevan S Ajay, Danzeng Dunzhu, Safraj S Hameed, Xian Li, Zhong Liu, Cong Li, Hao Chen, KaWing Cho, Ruilai Li and 13 more

5 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Circulation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 98 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
98citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01503814 nacompletednot on this map

Simplified Cardiovascular Management Study: A Cluster-Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Effects of a Simplified Cardiovascular Management Program in Tibet, China and Haryana, India

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Ran2012 to 2015Enrolled2,086ConditionsCardiovascular DiseaseArmsSimplified cardiovascular disease management
NCT03059784 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Mobile Application-based Multifaceted Management to Improve Long-term Care After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

TypeinterventionalSponsorChinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai HospitalRan2017 to 2018Enrolled1,100ConditionsPercutaneous Coronary InterventionArmsAPP-based multifaceted management
NCT05508672 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Community-Centered eHealth Smoking Cessation Intervention Based on the "Smoking Rationalization Beliefs" Framework for Chinese Male Smokers

TypeinterventionalSponsorDuke Kunshan UniversityRan2023 to 2023Enrolled60ConditionsSmoking Cessation, Lifestyle, HealthyArmsCommunity-Centered eHealth Smoking Cessation Intervention (CCeSCI), Traditional "smoking is harmful" education
NCT06975501 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

A Community-Based 2×2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating a Multicomponent Physical and Cognitive Intervention for Older Adults With Stroke and Comorbid Chronic Conditions in Urban China

TypeinterventionalSponsorDuke Kunshan UniversityRan2025 to 2027Enrolled444ConditionsHypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Multimorbidity, StrokeArmsExercise Intervention, Cognitive Intervention
NCT07076134 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

A Pilot Trial of a Community-and Primary Care-based Intervention Linked With mObile Technology for Hypertension Control in Nepal (CoPILOT Trial)

TypeinterventionalSponsorDuke Kunshan UniversityRan2025 to 2025Enrolled520ConditionsHypertensionArmsFCHVs and FLHWs in a community managing HTN using primary care based approach and mobile health technology
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

98 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Maoyi TianFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Vamadevan S AjayFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Danzeng DunzhuFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Safraj S HameedFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Xian LiFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Zhong LiuFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Cong LiFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Hao ChenFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
KaWing ChoFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Ruilai LiFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Xingshan ZhaoFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Devraj JindalFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Ishita RawalFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Mohammed K AliFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Eric D PetersonFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Jiachao JiFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Ritvik AmarchandFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Anand KrishnanFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Nikhil TandonFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Li-Qun XuFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Yangfeng WuFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.).
Dorairaj PrabhakaranFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.). Lijing.Yan@Duke.edu dprabhakaran@phfi.org.
Lijing L YanFrom The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (M.T., X.L., C.L., R.L., J.J., Y.W., L.L.Y.); Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., S.S.H., D.P.); Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India (V.S.A., D.J., I.R., D.P.); Tibet University, Lhasa, China (D.D., Z.L.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China (C.L., Y.W.); Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, China (H.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (K.W.C.); Department of Cardiology, Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China (X.Z.); Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (M.K.A.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (E.D.P.); Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (R.A., A.K.); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (N.T.); China Mobile Research Institute, Beijing, China (L.X.); and Duke Global Health Institute, and Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China (L.L.Y.). Lijing.Yan@Duke.edu dprabhakaran@phfi.org.

Funding

Demographic Analysis on Determinants of Healthy Longevity in ChinaR01AG023627 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI ZENG, YI · 2004 to 2014
$3.9M
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200900026CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200900027CNIA NIH HHS R01 AG023627NIA NIH HHS R01AG023627PHS HHS HHSN268200900026CPHS HHS HHSN268200900027CWellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn rural areas in China and India, the cardiovascular disease burden is high but economic and healthcare resources are limited. This study (the Simplified Cardiovascular Management Study [SimCard]) aims to develop and evaluate a simplified cardiovascular management program delivered by community health workers with the aid of a smartphone-based electronic decision support system. METHODS AND

resultsThe SimCard study was a yearlong cluster-randomized, controlled trial conducted in 47 villages (27 in China and 20 in India). Recruited for the study were 2086 individuals with high cardiovascular risk (aged ≥40 years with self-reported history of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and/or measured systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg). Participants in the intervention villages were managed by community health workers through an Android-powered app on a monthly basis focusing on 2 medication use and 2 lifestyle modifications. In comparison with the control group, the intervention group had a 25.5% (P<0.001) higher net increase in the primary outcome of the proportion of patient-reported antihypertensive medication use pre- and post-intervention. There were also significant differences in certain secondary outcomes: aspirin use (net difference: 17.1%; P<0.001) and systolic blood pressure (-2.7 mm Hg; P=0.04). However, no significant changes were observed in the lifestyle factors. The intervention was culturally tailored, and country-specific results revealed important differences between the regions.

conclusionsThe results indicate that the simplified cardiovascular management program improved quality of primary care and clinical outcomes in resource-poor settings in China and India. Larger trials in more places are needed to ascertain the potential impacts on mortality and morbidity outcomes. CLINICAL

trial registrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01503814.

Indexed as

Disease ManagementInternationalityRural PopulationAgedCardiovascular DiseasesChinaCluster AnalysisFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedPatient Education as TopicRisk FactorsSingle-Blind Methodcardiovascular diseasesChinacommunitydecision support techniquesIndiaprevention & control

Identifiers

PMID26187183
PMCPMC4558306

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.