ReviewPituitary2016
Immunotherapy and hypophysitis: clinical presentation, treatment, and biologic insights.
Review in Pituitary, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 320 citations in OpenAlex.
- The risk of endocrine immune-related adverse events induced by PD-1 inhibitors in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Autoimmune retinopathy with associated anti-retinal antibodies as a potential immune-related adverse event associated with immunotherapy in patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma: case series and systematic review.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- French Endocrine Society Guidance on endocrine side effects of immunotherapy.Endocrine-related cancer · 2019Guideline
- Laboratory Medicine in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Autoimmune Disorders: Baseline Assessment, Diagnostic Algorithms, Monitoring, and Predictive Biomarkers.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond MRI: Unveiling metabolic signatures of primary hypophysitis withJournal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency and Multisystem Endocrinopathy Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.Annals of African medicine · 2026Article
- Immune-Mediated Hypophysitis: An Updated Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Malignancy-Associated Hypercalcemia and Kidney Disease: Facts, Controversies, and Management.Kidney medicine · 2026Review
- Risk factors for endocrinological immune-related adverse events in patients with renal cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Observational
- Systematic monitoring identified a high incidence of hypopituitarism following combined ipilimumab plus nivolumab therapy for metastatic melanoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association between immune-related adverse events and prognosis in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: A bibliometric and visual analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- The Risk of Adrenal Insufficiency After Treatment With Relatlimab in Combination With Nivolumab is Higher Than Expected.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Mimickers of pituitary tumors.Neuro-oncology advances · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and comparative analysis of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-induced pituitary dysfunction versus other pituitary disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neuroimaging features of immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Insights into imaging · 2025Article
- Hypopituitarism: genetic, developmental, and acquired etiologies with a focus on the emerging concept of autoimmune hypophysitis.Endocrine journal · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Hypophysitis: A Call for Vigilance.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAdvances in immunotherapy have transformed the management of metastatic melanoma and generated encouraging results in the treatment of other malignancies. Autoimmune side effects from these agents, termed immune-related adverse events (IRAEs), are diverse and can include multiple endocrinopathies. Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis (IH) is a recently recognized endocrine IRAE.
methodsThis review summarizes published data and experience from our center on the incidence, presentation and management, and proposed mechanisms for immunotherapy-related hypophysitis, with a focus on patients treated with ipilimumab (Ipi).
conclusionHypophysitis occurs in a significant minority of patients treated with Ipi, in contrast to the relative rarity of idiopathic autoimmune hypophysitis or hypophysitis after treatment with other immunotherapies. Recently published cohorts have described the clinical presentation and management of IH and longitudinal outcomes in these patients. Additional studies with Ipi and other emerging agents have helped identify potential risk factors for the development of immunotherapy-related hypophysitis and possible underlying mechanisms for IH. Clarification of the mechanism(s) for IH may enhance our understanding of idiopathic autoimmune hypophysitis and could have potential therapeutic applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.