Trial reportPloS one2015
Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Active Ingredients and Its Metabolites Derived from Rikkunshito, a Ghrelin Enhancer, in Healthy Japanese Volunteers: A Cross-Over, Randomized Study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Greater plasma essential amino acids and lower 3-methylhistidine with higher protein intake during endurance training: a randomised control trial.Amino acids · 2023Trial
- Pharmacological Effects and Proposed Mechanisms ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Insights into Hepatic, Neuronal, and hERG Channel Safety of Plant-Derived Active Compounds.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Article
- Harnessing Liquiritigenin: A Flavonoid-Based Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Coenzyme Q10 and rikkunshito prevent age-related changes in mouse otolith morphology and function.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- The Flavonoids and Monoterpenes fromBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Mechanism of Modified Liu Jun Zi Decoction in the Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Herbal medicines in functional dyspepsia-Untapped opportunities not without risks.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2021Review
- Rikkunshito as a Therapeautic Agent for Functional Dyspepsia and its Prokinetic and Non-Prokinetic Effects.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Analysis Utilizing Non-Targeted and Targeted Mass Spectrometry and In Vitro Assay against Transient Receptor Potential Channels of Maobushisaishinto and Its Constituent Asiasari Radix.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Herbal Therapies in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Narrative Review and Clinical Implication.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
- Japanese Herbal Medicine Ninjinyoeito Mediates Its Orexigenic Properties Partially by Activating Orexin 1 Receptors.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Article
- Basic Study of Drug-Drug Interaction between Memantine and the Traditional Japanese Kampo Medicine Yokukansan.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Exploration of serum biomarkers for predicting the response to Inchinkoto (ICKT), a Japanese traditional herbal medicine.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2017Article
- Increased ghrelin signaling prolongs survival in mouse models of human aging through activation of sirtuin1.Molecular psychiatry · 2016Article
- CRF receptor 1 antagonism and brain distribution of active components contribute to the ameliorative effect of rikkunshito on stress-induced anorexia.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Rikkunshito Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia Partly through Elevation of Glucarate in Plasma.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2015Article
- Licorice-Induced Pseudoaldosteronism Caused by Rikkunshito in an Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant.Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric SocietyArticle
- Open Label Trial of the Efficacy and Safety Profile of Rikkunshito used for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimentalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRikkunshito, a traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine, has been used to treat upper gastrointestinal disorders such as functional dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux. This study investigated the exposure and pharmacokinetics of the ingredients of rikkunshito in healthy volunteers. METHODS AND
resultsFirst, an exploratory nonrandomized, open-label, one-period, noncrossover study using four healthy Japanese volunteers to detect 32 typical ingredients of rikkunshito in plasma and urine. As a result, 18 or 21 of 32 ingredients was detected in plasma or urine samples after oral administration of rikkunshito (7.5 g/day). Furthermore, a randomized, open-label, three-arm, three-period, crossover study using 21 subjects was conducted to determine the amounts of exposure and pharmacokinetic parameters of nine ingredients derived from rikkunshito (atractylodin, atractylodin carboxylic acid, pachymic acid, 3,3',4',5,6,7,8-heptamethoxyflavone, naringenin, nobiletin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid) after oral administration of rikkunshito at three different doses (2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 g/day) during each period. The pharmacokinetic profiles of the nine ingredients in plasma were characterized. The geometric means (95% confidence interval) for the Cmax of the ingredients at a dose of 7.5 g were 1570 (1210-2040), 14,300 (12,200-16,800), 91.0 (71.8-115), 105 (75.6-144), 1150 (802-1650), 35.9 (24.6-52.5), 800 (672-952), 42.8 (30.4-60.3), and 55,600 (39,600-78,100) pg/mL, respectively, and for the AUC0-last were 1760 (1290-2390), 12700 (11,100-14,600), 1210 (882-1650), 225 (157-322), 4630 (2930-7320), 35.7 (20.4-62.7), 4040 (3260-5010), 122 (88.2-168), and 832,000 (628,000-1,100,000) pg·h/mL respectively.
conclusionsWe identified the ingredients of rikkunshito that are absorbed in humans. Furthermore, we determined the pharmacokinetics of nine ingredients derived from rikkunshito. This information will be useful for elucidating the pharmacological effects of rikkunshito.
trial registrationJapan Pharmaceutical Information Center #CTI-121801 and -142522.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.