ArticlePloS one2015
Vitamin D Deficiency and Cardiometabolic Risks: A Juxtaposition of Arab Adolescents and Adults.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Vitamin D Levels in Relation to Abdominal Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D status and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a systematic review of observational studies.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Vitamin D Status and Its Association with Multiple Intelligence among Arab Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Colorectal Carcinoma: Insights from a Case Control Study in Northern Saudi Arabia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Vitamin D Metabolite Ratios and Association with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Youth Saudi Population.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Sex Differences in Vitamin Metabolism and Their Role in Oxidative Stress Regulation and Cardiometabolic Health.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Association between vitamin D status and asthma control levels among children and adolescents: a retrospective cross sectional study in Saudi Arabia.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Association between triglyceride-glucose index and vitamin D levels in Saudi postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2025Article
- Global burden of NAFLD 1990-2021 and projections to 2035: Results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.PloS one · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphism in LC-MS/MS-based vitamin D metabolite profiling and nutrition-acquired biochemical osteomalacia among adolescents.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- A systematic review of obesity burden in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and associated co-morbidities.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Review
- Association of vitamin D levels with anthropometric and adiposity indicators across all age groups: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Associations of micronutrients and lipids with prediabetes and glycemic parameters in adolescent girls of the rural DERVAN cohort (DERVAN-9).Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of Vitamin D Knowledge, Behavior and Attitude with BMI Status among Arab Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Increasing Prevalence of Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Arab Youth: A Time-Series Study from 2010-2019.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Is 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Associated with Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia? A Population Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Vitamin D and Its Metabolites Deficiency in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Case-Control Study.Vascular health and risk management · 2021Article
- Diabetes and Covid-19 among hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia: a single-centre retrospective study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The recent exponential surge in vitamin D research reflects the global epidemic of vitamin D deficiency and its potential impact on several chronic diseases in both children and adults. Several subpopulations, including Arab adolescent boys and girls, remain understudied. This study aims to fill this gap. A total of 2225 apparently healthy Saudi adolescents (1187 boys and 1038 girls, aged 13-17 years old) and 830 adults (368 men and 462 women, aged 18-50 years old) were respectively recruited from different public schools and medical practices within Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Anthropometrics were taken and fasting blood samples withdrawn to examine serum glucose and lipid profile by routine analysis and 25-hydroxyvitamin D by ELISA. Almost half of the girls (47.0%) had vitamin D deficiency as compared to only 19.4% of the boys (p<0.001), 36.8% of the adult women and 17.7% of the adult men (p<0.001). Furthermore, in boys there were more significant inverse associations between serum 25(OH)vitamin D levels and cardiometabolic indices than girls, while in contrast women had more significant associations than men. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) [OR 3.47 (CI1.26-5.55); p<0.05] and pre-DM [OR 2.47 (CI 1.48-4.12); p<0.01] in boys. Furthermore, vitamin D insufficiency was significantly associated with abdominal obesity in boys [OR 2.75 (CI 1.1-7.1); p<0.05]. These associations for DMT2 and abdominal obesity were not observed in adult males, girls and adult women. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and hyperglycemia is high among Arab adolescents. Vitamin D deficiency is mostly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescent Arab boys. This indicates a sex- and age-related disadvantage for boys with low vitamin D status and challenges the extra-skeletal protection of vitamin D correction in adolescent females.
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