ArticleJournal of natural products2015
Silymarin Suppresses Cellular Inflammation By Inducing Reparative Stress Signaling.
Article in Journal of natural products, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nobiletin Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Targeting Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory, and Apoptotic Pathways: CombinedACS omega · 2026Article
- Targeting ferroptosis as a therapeutic strategy for hepatotoxicity.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Phytochemicals as Epigenetic Modulators in Chronic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sinapic Acid Ameliorates Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Silybin A fromTheranostics · 2025Article
- Silymarin as a phytopharmaceutical agent: advances in mechanistic insights, formulation strategies, and pre-clinical applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- A Descriptive Review of the Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Berberine and Silymarin.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Metabolic profiling of milk thistle different organs using UPLC-TQD-MS/MS coupled to multivariate analysis in relation to their selective antiviral potential.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- Silymarin and Inflammation: Food for Thoughts.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Nutraceuticals and Their Contribution to Preventing Noncommunicable Diseases.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A Descriptive Review of the Action Mechanisms of Berberine, Quercetin and Silymarin on Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia and Cardiovascular Prevention.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis C: a concise review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Silymarin reduces retinal microvascular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Wistin Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Nuclear Factor-κB and p38 Signaling Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Silymarin constrains diacetyl-prompted oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in rats: involvements of Dyn/GDNF and MAPK signaling pathway.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Article
- Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers From the Metabolomics Perspective.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Pleiotropic Biological Effects of Dietary Phenolic Compounds and their Metabolites on Energy Metabolism, Inflammation and Aging.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Effect of Cucumis sativus on Dysfunctional 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Silymarin's Inhibition and Treatment Effects for Alzheimer's Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Hepatoprotective Effects of Silymarin on Liver Injury via Irisin Upregulation and Oxidative Stress Reduction in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Silymarin, a characterized extract of the seeds of milk thistle (Silybum marianum), suppresses cellular inflammation. To define how this occurs, transcriptional profiling, metabolomics, and signaling studies were performed in human liver and T cell lines. Cellular stress and metabolic pathways were modulated within 4 h of silymarin treatment: activation of Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF-4) and adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, the latter being associated with induction of DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4). Metabolomics analyses revealed silymarin suppression of glycolytic, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and amino acid metabolism. Anti-inflammatory effects arose with prolonged (i.e., 24 h) silymarin exposure, with suppression of multiple pro-inflammatory mRNAs and signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and forkhead box O (FOXO). Studies with murine knock out cells revealed that silymarin inhibition of both mTOR and NF-κB was partially AMPK dependent, whereas silymarin inhibition of mTOR required DDIT4. Other natural products induced similar stress responses, which correlated with their ability to suppress inflammation. Thus, natural products activate stress and repair responses that culminate in an anti-inflammatory cellular phenotype. Natural products like silymarin may be useful as tools to define how metabolic, stress, and repair pathways regulate cellular inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.