ArticleBMJ open2015
Association between secondhand smoke exposure and blood lead and cadmium concentration in community dwelling women: the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012).
Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03495492 (Dermal Chelation Lowers White Blood Cell Count in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Dermal Chelation Lowers White Blood Cell Count in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Narrative Review of Metallomic Studies: Revealing the Toxic Metal Burden in Tobacco Smokers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cadmium levels in maternal blood, placenta, and cord blood in relation to preeclampsia and fetal growth: a case-control study in China.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Current Levels of Environmental Exposure to Cadmium in Industrialized Countries as a Risk Factor for Kidney Damage in the General Population: A Comprehensive Review of Available Data.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Association of secondhand smoke exposure with cardiometabolic health in never-smoking adult cancer survivors: a population-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- The Cause of Alzheimer's Disease: The Theory of Multipathology Convergence to Chronic Neuronal Stress.Aging and disease · 2022Article
- Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Urinary Cadmium in Women from Northern Mexico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Perinatal Lead Exposure Alters Calsyntenin-2 and Calsyntenin-3 Expression in the Hippocampus and Causes Learning Deficits in Mice Post-weaning.Biological trace element research · 2021Article
- Association between blood cadmium levels and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in Korean post-menopausal women.Archives of osteoporosis · 2021Article
- Selenium modifies associations between multiple metals and neurologic symptoms in Gulf states residents.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Article
- Lifestyle-Related Exposure to Cadmium and Lead is Associated with Diabetic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Smoking-induced risk of future cardiovascular disease is partly mediated by cadmium in tobacco: Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort Study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2019Article
- Article
- Nuclear receptor and VEGF pathways for gene-blood lead interactions, on bone mineral density, in Korean smokers.PloS one · 2018Article
- The Association between Involuntary Smoking Exposure with Urine Cotinine Level and Blood Cadmium Level in General Non-Smoking Populations.Journal of Korean medical science · 2017Article
- Chronic Toxic Metal Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms of Risk and Emerging Role of Chelation Therapy.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2016Review
- Original Research: The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of newborn mice under maternal lead exposure.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2016Article
- Environmental Exposure to Cadmium: Health Risk Assessment and its Associations with Hypertension and Impaired Kidney Function.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo assess the association between secondhand smoke exposure and blood lead and cadmium concentration in women in South Korea.
designPopulation-based cross-sectional study.
settingSouth Korea (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V).
participants1490 non-smoking women who took part in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012), in which blood levels of lead and cadmium were measured. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was blood levels of lead and cadmium in accordance with the duration of secondhand smoke exposure.
resultsThe adjusted mean level of blood cadmium in women who were never exposed to secondhand smoke was 1.21 (0.02) µg/L. Among women who were exposed less than 1 h/day, the mean cadmium level was 1.13 (0.03) µg/L, and for those exposed for more than 1 h, the mean level was 1.46 (0.06) µg/L. In particular, there was a significant association between duration of secondhand smoke exposure at the workplace and blood cadmium concentration. The adjusted mean level of blood cadmium concentration in the never exposed women's group was less than that in the 1 h and more exposed group, and the 1 h and more at workplace exposed group: 1.20, 1.24 and 1.50 µg/L, respectively. We could not find any association between lead concentration in the blood and secondhand smoke exposure status.
conclusionsThis study showed that exposure to secondhand smoke and blood cadmium levels are associated. Especially, there was a significant association at the workplace. Therefore, social and political efforts for reducing the exposure to secondhand smoke at the workplace are needed in order to promote a healthier working environment for women.
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