ArticleMolecular neurobiology2016
S100B as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Multiple Sclerosis.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluid Biomarkers of Neuro-Glial Injury in Human Status Epilepticus: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Resistance training modifies of serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases in multiple sclerosis women - a randomized controlled trail.BMC neuroscience · 2024Trial
- CSF-S100B Is a Potential Candidate Biomarker for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.BioMed research international · 2018Trial
- Temporal Neuroimmune Changes During Primary and Persistent Experimental Toxoplasmic Encephalitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Emodin Suppresses the RAGE/ROCK1 Pathway to Modulate the Oligodendrocyte Lineage and Ameliorate Demyelination in Vascular Dementia Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Proteomic Profiling of Optic Nerves From SMOX-Deficient Mice Identifies Regulators of Neuroinflammation and Axonal Damage in Optic Neuritis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- LDL Cholesterol Modulates Astrocyte Metabolism, Lipid Handling, and Morphology: Evidence From In Vitro and In Vivo Models.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- Brain and neural cell type proteomics reveal extracellular matrix proteins enriched in progressive multiple sclerosis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Effect on Different Glial Cell Types of S100B Modulation in Multiple Sclerosis Experimental Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Fluid Biomarkers in Demyelinating Spectrum Disorders: Past, Present, and Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathogenesis alters along animal age: impact of S100B expression.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Gastrodin inhibits reactive astrocyte-mediated inflammation in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage through S100B/RAGE-Smad3 signaling.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Article
- Comparative Neuroprotective Potential of Nanoformulated and Free Resveratrol Against Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination in Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Neutrophil Elastase, Neuron-Specific Enolase, and S100B Protein as Potential Markers of Long-Term Complications Caused by COVID-19 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Advanced Stage of Diabetic Nephropathy (NfT2DM)-Observational Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Observational
- Serum Vitamin D3 as a Potential Biomarker for Neuronal Damage in Smoldering Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Can Selected Parameters of Brain Injury Reflect Neuronal Damage in Smoldering Multiple Sclerosis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effects of power training in older patients with multiple sclerosis on neurodegeneration, neuromuscular function, and physical function. A study protocol for the "power training in older multiple sclerosis patients (PoTOMS) randomized control trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Biosensors for Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Mild burn amplifies the locomotive depression in demyelinated mice without muscle pathophysiological changes.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology is characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination. Recently, the inflammatory molecule S100B was identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients. Although seen as an astrogliosis marker, lower/physiological levels of S100B are involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation/maturation. Nevertheless, increased S100B levels released upon injury may induce glial reactivity and oligodendrocyte demise, exacerbating tissue damage during an MS episode or delaying the following remyelination. Here, we aimed to unravel the functional role of S100B in the pathogenesis of MS. Elevated S100B levels were detected in the CSF of relapsing-remitting MS patients at diagnosis. Active demyelinating MS lesions showed increased expression of S100B and its receptor, the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), in the lesion area, while chronic active lesions displayed increased S100B in demyelinated areas with lower expression of RAGE in the rim. Interestingly, reactive astrocytes were identified as the predominant cellular source of S100B, whereas RAGE was expressed by activated microglia/macrophages. Using an ex vivo demyelinating model, cerebral organotypic slice cultures treated with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), we observed a marked elevation of S100B upon demyelination, which co-localized mostly with astrocytes. Inhibition of S100B action using a directed antibody reduced LPC-induced demyelination, prevented astrocyte reactivity and abrogated the expression of inflammatory and inflammasome-related molecules. Overall, high S100B expression in MS patient samples suggests its usefulness as a diagnostic biomarker for MS, while the beneficial outcome of its inhibition in our demyelinating model indicates S100B as an emerging therapeutic target in MS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.