Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26183257›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2015

Acute response to cluster sets in trained and untrained men.

Jonathan M Oliver, Andreas Kreutzer, Shane Jenke, Melody D Phillips, Joel B Mitchell, Margaret T Jones

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Maximizing Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review of Advanced Resistance Training Techniques and Methods.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Pooled it
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  7. Trial
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  12. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Cluster-set restPeerJ · 2026
    Article
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  18. Influence of Cluster Sets on Mechanical and Perceptual Variables in Adolescent Athletes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jonathan M OliverDepartment of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 297730, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA. jonathan.oliver@tcu.edu.
Andreas KreutzerDepartment of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 297730, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
Shane JenkeDepartment of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 297730, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
Melody D PhillipsDepartment of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 297730, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
Joel B MitchellDepartment of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 297730, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA.
Margaret T JonesDivision of Health and Human Performance, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA.
Texas Christian University · USGeorge Mason University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIn traditional sets (TRD) repetitions are performed continuously, whereas cluster sets (CLU) allow a brief rest between groups of repetitions. We investigated the acute mechanical, metabolic, and hormonal response to CLU in men.

methodsTwelve resistance-trained (RT) and 11 untrained (UT) men performed TRD (4 × 10 repetitions with 2 min rest) and CLU [4 × (2 × 5) with 1.5 min rest between sets 30 s rest between clusters] at 70 % 1RM back squat in random order. Seven days separated trials. Average power and time under tension (TUT) were calculated. Blood was sampled pre, sets 1, 2, and 3; immediate post-exercise, 5, 15, 30, 60 min post-exercise for blood lactate, total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol.

resultsCLU produced greater average power at an increasing number of repetitions over each set with greater total volume load. TUT was shorter for RT and lower for CLU in repetitions 1, 6, 7, 8. Blood lactate was higher Set 2 through 30 min in TRD. RT had higher TT; however, the time course was similar between RT and UT. TT and FT increased immediate post-exercise and remained elevated 30 min in both conditions. GH was significantly greater during TRD with a similar pattern observed in both conditions. Cortisol was significantly lower at 30 min in CLU.

conclusionCLU allowed greater total volume load, shorter TUT, greater average power, similar anabolic hormonal response, and less metabolic stress. The acute response was similar despite training status.

Indexed as

Resistance TrainingAdultHuman Growth HormoneHumansHydrocortisoneLactic AcidMaleMuscle, SkeletalTestosteroneWeight LiftingYoung AdultHuman Growth HormoneHydrocortisoneLactic AcidTestosteroneHormonesMechanicalMetabolicPowerResistance training

Identifiers

PMID26183257
OpenAlexW1888282216

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.