Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26182198›Full record

ArticleAIDS (London, England)2015

Cancers attributable to infections among adults with HIV in the United States.

Catherine de Martel, Meredith S Shiels, Silvia Franceschi, Edgar P Simard, Jérôme Vignat, H Irene Hall, Eric A Engels, Martyn Plummer

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces Risk of Infection-Related Cancer During Early HIV Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016
    Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Differences in Trends in Cancer Incidence Rates Among People With HIV During 2001-2019 by Race and Ethnicity and by Risk Group in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Excess Mortality in Persons with Concurrent HIV and Cancer Diagnoses: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. State Variation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anus Incidence and Mortality, and Association With HIV/AIDS and Smoking in the United States.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Catherine de MartelaInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France bNational Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland cAmerican Cancer Society dCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Meredith S Shiels
Silvia Franceschi
Edgar P Simard
Jérôme Vignat
H Irene Hall
Eric A Engels
Martyn Plummer

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveHIV-infected people are at increased risk of cancers of infectious origin. We estimated the burden of cancer attributable to infections among HIV-infected people in the United States in 2008.

designIncidence rates for cancer sites associated with infections were estimated from record linkage between HIV/AIDS registries and cancer registries.

methodsRates were applied to estimates of the population living with diagnosed HIV in the United States in 2008 to obtain the number of incident cancer cases. Site-specific attributable fractions and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated from infection prevalence among cancer cases. Infection prevalence data were derived from literature review of case series.

resultsOf an estimated 6200 incident cancer cases (95% CI 6000-6500), 2500 (95% CI 2400-2700) were attributable to infection (attributable fraction = 40%, 95% CI 39-42). The most important infections were Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and human papillomavirus, which together were responsible for 2200 new cancer cases (95% CI 2100-2400), mainly Kaposi sarcoma, lymphomas, and ano-genital cancers. The attributable fraction in HIV-infected people was highest in the age group 20-29 years (69%, 95% CI 65-72). MSM were the HIV transmission group with the highest attributable fraction (48%, 95% CI 46-50), due to the high incidence of both Kaposi sarcoma and anal cancer.

conclusionThe very high fraction of cancer attributable to infection in HIV-infected people points to special opportunities to prevent these cancers, that is, avoidance, detection, and early treatment of cancer-associated infections, and universal early detection and uninterrupted treatment of HIV infection to avoid immunosuppression.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsPrevalenceUnited StatesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID26182198
PMCPMC4636914

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.