ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
Association of COPD With Risk for Pulmonary Infections Requiring Hospitalization in HIV-Infected Veterans.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Features and global impact of invasive fungal infections caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii: A systematic review to inform the World Health Organization fungal priority pathogens list.Medical mycology · 2024Pooled it
- Risk for development of active tuberculosis in patients with chronic airway disease-a systematic review of evidence.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Hepatitis C and risk of tuberculosis amongst United States veterans: a national cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Sequelae of Immunocompromised Host Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2025Review
- Design and methods of a randomized trial testing "Advancing care for COPD in people living with HIV by implementing evidence-based management through proactive E-consults (ACHIEVE)".Contemporary clinical trials · 2023Article
- Lung proteome and metabolome endotype in HIV-associated obstructive lung disease.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- COPD in People with HIV: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Review
- Hospitalization Rates and Causes Among Persons With HIV in the United States and Canada, 2005-2015.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2021Review
- Comorbidities and in-hospital death of viral pneumonia adults admitted to SUS (2002-2015).Revista de saude publica · 2021Article
- Is real time PCR preferable to the direct immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients?BMC research notes · 2020Article
- Impact of HIV infection on αAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2018Article
- Markers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with mortality in people living with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Non-infectious Pulmonary Diseases and HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2016Review
- ImPlementation REsearCh to DEvelop Interventions for People Living with HIV (the PRECluDE consortium): Combatting chronic disease comorbidities in HIV populations through implementation research.Progress in cardiovascular diseasesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 12 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPulmonary infections remain more common in HIV-infected (HIV+) compared with uninfected individuals. The increase in chronic lung diseases among aging HIV+ individuals may contribute to this persistent risk. We sought to determine whether chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an independent risk factor for different pulmonary infections requiring hospitalization among HIV+ patients.
methodsWe analyzed data from 41,993 HIV+ Veterans in the nationwide Veterans Aging Cohort Study Virtual Cohort from 1996 to 2009. Using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, we identified baseline comorbid conditions, including COPD, and incident community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) requiring hospitalization within 2 years after baseline. We used multivariable Poisson regression to determine incidence rate ratios (IRRs) associated with COPD for each type of pulmonary infection, adjusting for comorbidities, CD4 cell count, HIV viral load, smoking status, substance use, vaccinations, and calendar year at baseline.
resultsUnadjusted incidence rates of CAP, TB, and PCP requiring hospitalization were significantly higher among persons with COPD compared to those without COPD (CAP: 53.9 vs. 19.4 per 1000 person-years; TB: 8.7 vs. 2.8; PCP: 15.5 vs. 9.2; P ≤ 0.001). In multivariable Poisson regression models, COPD was independently associated with increased risk of CAP, TB, and PCP (IRR: 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64 to 2.30; IRR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.70 to 3.97; and IRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.10 to 2.01, respectively).
conclusionsCOPD is an independent risk factor for CAP, TB, and PCP requiring hospitalization among HIV+ individuals. As the HIV+ population ages, the growing burden of COPD may confer substantial risk for pulmonary infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.