Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26180925›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2015

Axl receptor tyrosine kinase is a potential therapeutic target in renal cell carcinoma.

H Yu, R Liu, B Ma, X Li, H-Y Yen, Y Zhou, V Krasnoperov, Z Xia, X Zhang, A M Bove and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. AXL signaling in cancer: from molecular insights to targeted therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

H Yu1] Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China [2] Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
R LiuDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
B MaDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
X LiDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
H-Y YenDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Y ZhouDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
V KrasnoperovVasgene Therapeutics Inc., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Z XiaThe State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics and School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, People's Republic of China.
X Zhang1] Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China [2] Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
A M BoveDepartment of Urology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome 00128, Italy.
M BuscariniDepartment of Urology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome 00128, Italy.
D ParekhDivision of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
I S GillDepartment of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Q LiaoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 41008, People's Republic of China.
M TretiakovaDepartment of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
D QuinnDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
J ZhaoXiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China.
P S GillDepartment of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Hospital, NOR 6332, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center · USUniversity of Southern California · USCentral South University · CNUniversità Campus Bio-Medico · ITXiangya Hospital Central South University · CNUniversity of Washington · USVasGene Therapeutics (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAxl plays multiple roles in tumourigenesis in several cancers. Here we evaluated the expression and biological function of Axl in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

methodsAxl expression was analysed in a tissue microarray of 174 RCC samples by immunostaining and a panel of 11 normal tumour pairs of human RCC tissues by western blot, as well as in RCC cell lines by both western blot and quantitative PCR. The effects of Axl knockdown in RCC cells on cell growth and signalling were investigated. The efficacy of a humanised Axl targeting monoclonal antibody hMAb173 was tested in histoculture and tumour xenograft.

resultsWe have determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) that Axl is expressed in 59% of RCC array samples with moderate to high in 20% but not expressed in normal kidney tissue. Western blot analysis of 11 pairs of tumour and adjacent normal tissue show high Axl expression in 73% of the tumours but not normal tissue. Axl is also expressed in RCC cell lines in which Axl knockdown reduces cell viability and PI3K/Akt signalling. The Axl antibody hMAb173 significantly induced RCC cell apoptosis in histoculture and inhibited the growth of RCC tumour in vivo by 78%. The hMAb173-treated tumours also had significantly reduced Axl protein levels, inhibited PI3K signalling, decreased proliferation, and induced apoptosis.

conclusionsAxl is highly expressed in RCC and critical for RCC cell survival. Targeting Axl is a potential approach for RCC treatment.

Indexed as

AnimalsApoptosisAxl Receptor Tyrosine KinaseCarcinoma, Renal CellCell LineCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationCell SurvivalHEK293 CellsHT29 CellsHumansKidney NeoplasmsMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CAxl Receptor Tyrosine KinasePhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktReceptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID26180925
PMCPMC4647683
OpenAlexW1534535586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.