ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2016
APOL1 Genotype and Race Differences in Incident Albuminuria and Renal Function Decline.
Article in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetics in chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.Kidney international · 2022Guideline
- Albuminuria Testing in Hypertension and Diabetes: An Individual-Participant Data Meta-Analysis in a Global Consortium.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Pooled it
- Phenome-wide association analysis suggests the APOL1 linked disease spectrum primarily drives kidney-specific pathways.Kidney international · 2020Pooled it
- Association between estimated time with low glomerular filtration rate and access to transplant among youth with advanced chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- APOL1 kidney risk variants and outcomes in children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Longitudinal Effect of APOL1 Risk Alleles on Sickle Cell Anemia-Associated Kidney Function.American journal of hematology · 2026Observational
- Development and validation of an explainable neural network model for predicting progression in type 2 diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Using Large Genomic Biobanks to Generate Insights into Genetic Kidney Disease.Seminars in nephrology · 2025Review
- Sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors for APOL1 kidney disease: A call for studies.International urology and nephrology · 2025Review
- Socioeconomic Status and Chronic Kidney Disease Among Black and White Adults: An Analysis of 2017-2020 NHANES.Kidney medicine · 2025Article
- Development of Polygenic Risk Score for Persistent Albuminuria in Children and Adults With Sickle Cell Anemia.American journal of hematology · 2025Observational
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Article
- Design and Rationale of the Phase 2 Baricitinib Study in Apolipoprotein L1-Mediated Kidney Disease (JUSTICE).Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Delaying Renal Aging: Metformin Holds Promise as a Potential Treatment.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Article
- Aspiring toward equitable benefits from genomic advances to individuals of ancestrally diverse backgrounds.American journal of human genetics · 2024Review
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- Associations of Renal Function Trajectories and Long-Term Cardiovascular Risks Among a Population Without Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Variants in the APOL1 gene are associated with kidney disease in blacks. We examined associations of APOL1 with incident albuminuria and kidney function decline among 3030 young adults with preserved GFR in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. eGFR by cystatin C (eGFRcys) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio were measured at scheduled examinations. Participants were white (n=1700), high-risk black (two APOL1 risk alleles, n=176), and low-risk black (zero/one risk allele, n=1154). Mean age was 35 years, mean eGFRcys was 107 ml/min per 1.73 m(2), and 13.2% of blacks had two APOL1 alleles. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval) for albuminuria over 15 years was 15.6 (10.6-22.1) for high-risk blacks, 7.8 (6.4-9.4) for low-risk blacks, and 3.9 (3.1-4.8) for whites. Compared with whites, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident albuminuria was 5.71 (3.64-8.94) for high-risk blacks and 2.32 (1.73-3.13) for low-risk blacks. Adjustment for risk factors attenuated the difference between low-risk blacks and whites (odds ratio 1.21, 95% confidence interval 0.86-1.71). After adjustment, high-risk blacks had a 0.45% faster yearly eGFRcys decline over 9.3 years compared with whites. Low-risk blacks also had a faster yearly eGFRcys decline compared with whites, but this difference was attenuated after adjustment for risk factors and socioeconomic position. In conclusion, blacks with two APOL1 risk alleles had the highest risk for albuminuria and eGFRcys decline in young adulthood, whereas disparities between low-risk blacks and whites were related to differences in traditional risk factors.
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