ArticleGut microbes2015
Persistent effects of early infant diet and associated microbiota on the juvenile immune system.
Article in Gut microbes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-Life Galacto-Oligosaccharide Supplementation Induces Persistent Immunoglobulin and Metabolic Alterations in Holstein Dairy Calves by Shaping Gut Microbiota.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Non-stochastic reassembly of a metabolically cohesive gut consortium shaped by N-acetyl-lactosamine-enriched fibers.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Analysis of Oral Microbiota in Elderly Thai Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in Plasma Cytokine and Microbiome Profiles.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Nonhuman primate models of pediatric viral diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Oral Microbiome and Alzheimer's Disease.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Cytomegalovirus infection disrupts the influence of short-chain fatty acid producers on Treg/Th17 balance.Microbiome · 2022Article
- Microbiome Studies in Non-human Primates.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Cytomegalovirus mediates expansion of IL-15-responsive innate-memory cells with SIV killing function.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- Review
- Role of Human Milk Bioactives on Infants' Gut and Immune Health.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Observational
- Neonatal Rhesus Macaques Have Distinct Immune Cell Transcriptional Profiles following HIV Envelope Immunization.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Efficacy ofBMJ open · 2019Article
- Maturation of the infant rhesus macaque gut microbiome and its role in the development of diarrheal disease.Genome biology · 2019Article
- How diet and the microbiome shape health or contribute to disease: A mini-review of current models and clinical studies.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2019Review
- Gut Microbiome Composition in Non-human Primates Consuming a Western or Mediterranean Diet.Frontiers in nutrition · 2018Article
- Nonhuman Primates and Translational Research-Cardiovascular Disease.ILAR journal · 2017Review
- HIV DNA-Adenovirus Multiclade Envelope Vaccine Induces gp41 Antibody Immunodominance in Rhesus Macaques.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Effect of Antibiotic Administration during Infancy on Growth Curves through Young Adulthood in Rhesus Macaques (Comparative medicine · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Early infant diet has significant impacts on the gut microbiota and developing immune system. We previously showed that breast-fed and formula-fed rhesus macaques develop significantly different gut microbial communities, which in turn are associated with different immune systems in infancy. Breast-fed animals manifested greater T cell activation and proliferation and harbored robust pools of T helper 17 (TH17) cells. These differences were sustained throughout the first year of life. Here we examine groups of juvenile macaques (approximately 3 to 5 y old), which were breast-fed or formula-fed in infancy. We demonstrate that juveniles breast-fed in infancy maintain immunologic differences into the fifth year of life, principally in CD8(+) memory T cell activation. Additionally, long-term correlation networks show that breast-fed animals maintain persistent relationships between immune subsets that are not seen in formula-fed animals. These findings demonstrate that infant feeding practices have continued influence on immunity for up to 3 to 5 y after birth and also reveal mechanisms for microbial modulation of the immune system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.