Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26177019›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2015

Gastrointestinal pH and Transit Time Profiling in Healthy Volunteers Using the IntelliCap System Confirms Ileo-Colonic Release of ColoPulse Tablets.

Jacoba M Maurer, Reinout C A Schellekens, Hèlen M van Rieke, Christoph Wanke, Ventzeslav Iordanov, Frans Stellaard, Klaus D Wutzke, Gerard Dijkstra, Margot van der Zee, Herman J Woerdenbag and 2 more

Abstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Bacteriophage Sf14 survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Multi-region sampling of the human small intestine using an ingestible device.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Contrasting pH optima of β-lactamases CTX-M and CMY influenceApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Article
  10. microLife · 2026
    Article
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  12. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jacoba M MaurerUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Reinout C A SchellekensUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Hèlen M van RiekeUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Christoph WankeMedimetrics Personalized Drug Delivery BV, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Ventzeslav IordanovMedimetrics Personalized Drug Delivery BV, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Frans StellaardUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Klaus D WutzkeUniversity of Rostock, Children's Hospital, Research Laboratory Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Rostock, Germany.
Gerard DijkstraUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Margot van der ZeeUniversity of Groningen, Department Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Herman J WoerdenbagUniversity of Groningen, Department Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Henderik W FrijlinkUniversity of Groningen, Department Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jos G W KosterinkUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, Department Pharmacy, Section of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionColoPulse tablets are an innovative development in the field of oral dosage forms characterized by a distal ileum and colon-specific release. Previous studies in humans showed release in the ileo-colonic region, but the relationship between gastrointestinal pH and release was not experimentally proven in vivo. This information will complete the in vivo release-profile of ColoPulse tablets. MATERIALS AND

methodsRelease from ColoPulse tablets was studied in 16 healthy volunteers using the dual label isotope strategy. To determine gastrointestinal pH profiles and transit times the IntelliCap system was used. A ColoPulse tablet containing 13C-urea and an uncoated, immediate release tablet containing 15N2-urea were taken simultaneously followed by a standardized breakfast after three hours. Five minutes after intake of the tablets the IntelliCap capsule was swallowed and pH was measured until excretion in the feces. Breath and urine samples were collected for isotope analysis.

resultsFull analysis could be performed in 12 subjects. Median bioavailability of 13C -urea was 82% (95% CI 74-94%, range 61-114%). The median lag time (5% release of 13C) was 5:42 h (95% CI 5:18-6:18 h, range 2:36-6:36 h,) There was no statistically significant difference between lag time based on isotope signal and colon arrival time (CAT) based on pH (median 5:42 vs 5:31 h p = 0.903). In all subjects an intestinal pH value of 7.0 was reached before release of 13C from the ColoPulse tablet occurred. DISCUSSION AND

conclusionsFrom the combined data from the IntelliCap system and the 13C -isotope signal it can be concluded that release from a ColoPulse tablet in vivo is not related to transit times but occurs in the ileo-colonic region after pH 7.0 is reached. This supports our earlier findings and confirms that the ColoPulse system is a promising delivery system for targeting the distal ileum and colon.

trial registrationISRCTN Registry 18301880.

Indexed as

Healthy VolunteersAdministration, OralAdolescentAdultAgedBiological AvailabilityColonDrug CarriersDrug LiberationFemaleGastrointestinal TransitHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationIleumKineticsMaleDrug CarriersTablets

Identifiers

PMID26177019
PMCPMC4503763

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.