Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26175406›Full record

ArticleeLife2015

Chromerid genomes reveal the evolutionary path from photosynthetic algae to obligate intracellular parasites.

Yong H Woo, Hifzur Ansari, Thomas D Otto, Christen M Klinger, Martin Kolisko, Jan Michálek, Alka Saxena, Dhanasekaran Shanmugam, Annageldi Tayyrov, Alaguraj Veluchamy and 33 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
121citing papers in PubMed
17.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

121 citing papers in PubMed, 326 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
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  8. Evolutionary Trajectory ofBiomedicines · 2025
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  10. Transfection of the free-living algabioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  18. UnveilingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

43 authors at 20 institutions in 11 countries.

Yong H WooPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0338-6493
Hifzur AnsariPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Thomas D OttoParasite Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Christen M KlingerDepartment of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Martin KoliskoCanadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Jan MichálekInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Alka SaxenaPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Dhanasekaran ShanmugamBiochemical Sciences Division, CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.
Annageldi TayyrovPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Alaguraj VeluchamyEcology and Evolutionary Biology Section, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR8197 INSERM U1024, Paris, France.
Shahjahan AliBioscience Core Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Axel BernalDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.
Javier del CampoCanadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5292-1421
Jaromír CihlářInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Pavel FlegontovInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Sebastian G GornikSchool of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Eva HajduškováInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Aleš HorákInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Jan JanouškovecCanadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Nicholas J KatrisSchool of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Fred D MastSeattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, United States.
Diego Miranda-SaavedraCentro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Tobias MourierCentre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Raeece NaeemPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Mridul NairPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Aswini K PanigrahiBioscience Core Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Neil D RawlingsEuropean Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Eriko Padron-RegaladoPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Abhinay RamaprasadPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Nadira SamadSchool of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Aleš TomčalaInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Jon WilkesWellcome Trust Centre For Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Daniel E NeafseyBroad Genome Sequencing and Analysis Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.
Christian DoerigDepartment of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Chris BowlerEcology and Evolutionary Biology Section, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR8197 INSERM U1024, Paris, France.
Patrick J KeelingCanadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
David S RoosDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.
Joel B DacksDepartment of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Thomas J TempletonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, United States.
Ross F WallerSchool of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Julius LukešInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Miroslav OborníkInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Arnab PainPathogen Genomics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1755-2819
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology · SACanadian Institute for Advanced Research · CAThe University of Melbourne · AUUniversity of South Bohemia in České Budějovice · CZCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FRUniversity of Alberta · CAUniversity of Pennsylvania · USBroad Institute · USCenter for Infectious Disease Research · USCornell University · USCzech Academy of Sciences · CZEuropean Bioinformatics Institute · GBIE University · ESInstitute of Parasitology · CZMonash University · AUNational Chemical Laboratory · INUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of Ostrava · CZWellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology · GBWellcome Sanger Institute · GB

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272200900018C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The eukaryotic phylum Apicomplexa encompasses thousands of obligate intracellular parasites of humans and animals with immense socio-economic and health impacts. We sequenced nuclear genomes of Chromera velia and Vitrella brassicaformis, free-living non-parasitic photosynthetic algae closely related to apicomplexans. Proteins from key metabolic pathways and from the endomembrane trafficking systems associated with a free-living lifestyle have been progressively and non-randomly lost during adaptation to parasitism. The free-living ancestor contained a broad repertoire of genes many of which were repurposed for parasitic processes, such as extracellular proteins, components of a motility apparatus, and DNA- and RNA-binding protein families. Based on transcriptome analyses across 36 environmental conditions, Chromera orthologs of apicomplexan invasion-related motility genes were co-regulated with genes encoding the flagellar apparatus, supporting the functional contribution of flagella to the evolution of invasion machinery. This study provides insights into how obligate parasites with diverse life strategies arose from a once free-living phototrophic marine alga.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularSequence Analysis, DNAAlveolataDNA, AlgalGene Expression ProfilingMolecular Sequence DataDNA, AlgalChromera veliaevolutionary biologyevolution of parasitismgenomicsinfectious diseasemalariamicrobiologytoxoplasmosisVitrella brassicaformis

Identifiers

PMID26175406
PMCPMC4501334
OpenAlexW2147043756

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.