Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26174653›Full record

SynthesisJournal of neurology2016

A systematic review of loss of independence in Parkinson's disease.

Angus D Macleod, J W Kerr Grieve, Carl E Counsell

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Prognosis in Parkinson's Disease: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Six European Incidence Cohorts.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Palliative Care for Parkinson's Spectrum Disorders: an Emerging Approach.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020
    Review
  14. The impact of freezing of gait on functional dependency in Parkinson's disease with regard to motor phenotype.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020
    Article
  15. Development and validation of prognostic survival models in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2018
    Article
  16. Predictors of functional dependency in Parkinson's disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2016
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Angus D MacleodInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK. Angus.Macleod@abdn.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6284-4239
J W Kerr GrieveInstitute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK.
Carl E CounsellInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.

Funding

Chief Scientist Office CAF/12/05Parkinson's UK G-1302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional dependency (needing help with basic ADLs) is an important outcome in Parkinson's disease (PD). "Death or dependency", as opposed to being alive and independent, is a useful dichotomous indicator of poor outcome. We aimed to systematically review the progression to dependency in PD and what factors predicted development of dependency. Comprehensive searches were performed to identify observational studies of dependency in PD with follow-up of at least 3 years. Other forms of parkinsonism and highly selected cohorts were excluded. Descriptive analysis of included studies was performed and outcomes over time were plotted by type of cohort (inception/non-inception). Independent prognostic factors were identified. There were insufficient data for meta-analysis. Of 15,154 unique references identified, 14 studies were included. Most studies were of low quality. There was heterogeneity in definitions of dependency and the measured risk of dependency at similar time-points. Risk of dependency in inception studies was about 10-25 % at 5 years and about 20-50 % at 10 years; and risk of "death or dependency" in the inception studies was about 15-40 % at 5 years and about 35-70 % at ten years. More bradykinesia and older age were associated with more dependency, but there was little evidence for other prognostic factors. Few high-quality data on dependency are available. Heterogeneity in study populations, methodology and outcome reporting made data synthesis difficult. Few prognostic factors have been identified. Further data from representative inception studies are necessary to better understand the progression of dependency in PD.

Indexed as

Activities of Daily LivingDisease ProgressionParkinson DiseaseHumansActivities of daily livingDependenceIndependenceParkinson’s diseaseSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID26174653

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.