ArticleCanadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie2015
Pathways to First-Episode Care for Psychosis in African-, Caribbean-, and European-Origin Groups in Ontario.
Article in Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03919760 (Enhancing Evidence-Based Practice for Youth and Emerging Adults With Early Psychosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Enhancing Evidence-Based Practice for Youth and Emerging Adults With Early Psychosis: Implementation and Evaluation in Diverse Service Settings
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in duration of untreated psychosis for racial and ethnic minority groups with first-episode psychosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2019Pooled it
- Pathways to mental health services for young people: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- Forensic mental health service use in early psychosis: A scoping review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Review
- Religiosity and Engagement in Early Intervention Programme for First-Episode Psychosis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Defining the Black population in Canadian health research: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Barriers to Accessing Mental Health Services That Impact Black Canadians: A Scoping Review and Thematic Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Mental health service use among Black adolescents in Ontario by sex and distress level: a cross-sectional study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- Identifying Barriers and Pathways to Care Among College Students at Risk of or Diagnosed with First Episode Psychosis.Psychiatry international · 2025Article
- The First Episode Psychosis Services Fidelity Scale as a Measure of Quality of Care.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
- "I am a Black man in Canada! I wish I could say differently!": exploring the impact of direct and indirect encounters with the police and welfare system on anxiety and depression among Black youth in Toronto, Canada.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Experiences and socio-environmental contexts in the lead-up to psychosis: a qualitative analysis of the narratives of persons with psychosis from different ethnic, racial and immigrant backgrounds.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- "Dem sey mi mad": a scoping review of the attitudes and beliefs of English-speaking Afro-Caribbeans about psychosis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Incidence, Racial Disparities and Factors Related to Psychosis among Black Individuals in Canada: A Scoping Review.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2023Article
- Care Pathways and Initial Engagement in Early Psychosis Intervention Services Among Youths and Young Adults.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Differences in clinical presentation at first hospitalization and the impact on involuntary admissions among first-generation migrant groups with non-affective psychotic disorders.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2023Article
- Sampling from different populations: Sociodemographic, clinical, and functional differences between samples of first episode psychosis individuals and clinical high-risk individuals who progressed to psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2023Article
- Addressing Stigma and Promoting Help-Seeking Among African Nova Scotian Youth Experiencing Psychosis and Other Mental Health Problems.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2023Article
- Patient and Physician Factors Associated with First Diagnosis of Non-affective Psychotic Disorder in Primary Care.Administration and policy in mental health · 2023Article
- Insights About Cannabis and Psychosis Using Video Games for Young People With a First Episode of Psychosis, Particularly Those From Black Racialized Communities: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
- Access to mental health for Black youths in Alberta.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the pathways to care and duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) for people of Black-African, Black-Caribbean, or White-European origin with first-episode psychosis (FEP).
methodsWe recruited a sample of 171 patients with FEP of Black-African, Black-Caribbean, and White-European origin from hospital- and community-based early intervention services (EIS) in the cities of Toronto and Hamilton. We compared the 3 groups on DUP and key indicators of the pathway to care.
resultsWe observed differences in pathways to care across the 3 groups. Black-Caribbean participants had an increased odds of referral from an inpatient unit to EIS (OR 3.33; 95% CI 1.46 to 7.60) and a decreased odds of general practitioner involvement on the pathway to care (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.46), as well as fewer total contacts (exp[β] 0.77; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.99) when compared with White-European participants. Black-African participants had an increased odds of contact with the emergency department at first contact (OR 3.78; 95% CI 1.31 to 10.92). The differences in the DUP between groups were not statistically significant.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that there are significant differences in the pathways to EIS for psychosis for people of African and Caribbean origin in our Canadian context. It is essential to gain a comprehensive understanding of the pathways that different population groups take to mental health services, and the reasons behind observed differences, to inform the development of equitable services, targeting patients in the critical early stages of psychotic disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.