ArticleMolecular ecology2015
The molecular evolution of spiggin nesting glue in sticklebacks.
Article in Molecular ecology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ovulating Female of Nine-Spined Sticklebacks (Pungitius sinensis) Are Attracted to Substances Derived From Male Kidneys.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026Article
- Evolution of a ZW sex determination system in sticklebacks.Science advances · 2026Article
- Nest architecture and male aggression drive sexual isolation between three-spined stickleback ecotypes.Zoological letters · 2026Article
- Discrete genetic modules underlie divergent reproductive strategies in three-spined stickleback.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genomic changes underlying repeated niche shifts in an adaptive radiation.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2022Article
- Disentangling the Roles of Functional Domains in the Aggregation and Adsorption of the Multimodular Sea Star Adhesive Protein Sfp1.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Low genetic and phenotypic divergence in a contact zone between freshwater and marine sticklebacks: gene flow constrains adaptation.BMC evolutionary biology · 2017Article
- Copper accumulation by stickleback nests containing spiggin.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gene duplication and subsequent divergence can lead to the evolution of new functions and lineage-specific traits. In sticklebacks, the successive duplication of a mucin gene (MUC19) into a tandemly arrayed, multigene family has enabled the production of copious amounts of 'spiggin', a secreted adhesive protein essential for nest construction. Here, we examine divergence between spiggin genes among three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from ancestral marine and derived freshwater populations, and propose underpinning gene duplication mechanisms. Sanger sequencing revealed substantial diversity among spiggin transcripts, including alternatively spliced variants and interchromosomal spiggin chimeric genes. Comparative analysis of the sequenced transcripts and all other spiggin genes in the public domain support the presence of three main spiggin lineages (spiggin A, spiggin B and spiggin C) with further subdivisions within spiggin B (B1, B2) and spiggin C (C1, C2). Spiggin A had diverged least from the ancestral MUC19, while the spiggin C duplicates had diversified most substantially. In silico translations of the spiggin gene open reading frames predicted that spiggins A and B are secreted as long mucin-like polymers, while spiggins C1 and C2 are secreted as short monomers, with putative antimicrobial properties. We propose that diversification of duplicated spiggin genes has facilitated local adaptation of spiggin to a range of aquatic habitats.
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