ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2015
Caffeine Intake, Coffee Consumption, and Risk of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Caffeinated Coffee Consumption and Health Outcomes in the US Population: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis and Estimation of Disease Cases and Deaths Avoided.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Coffee consumption and the risk of cutaneous melanoma: a meta-analysis.European journal of nutrition · 2016Pooled it
- Higher Caffeinated Coffee Intake Is Associated with Reduced Malignant Melanoma Risk: A Meta-Analysis Study.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Exploring the Dermatological Benefits of Coffee Extracts and Their Derivatives.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Life Factors and Melanoma: From the Macroscopic State to the Molecular Mechanism.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Alcohol Consumption and Melanoma in a Prospective United States Cohort Study: Results from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Coffee consumption, cancer, and healthy aging: epidemiological evidence and underlying mechanisms.GeroScience · 2025Review
- Global Incidence, Mortality, Risk Factors and Trends of Melanoma: A Systematic Analysis of Registries.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2023Article
- Coffee, Citrus, and Alcohol: A Review of What We Drink and How it May Affect our Risk for Skin Cancer.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2023Review
- The cure from within? a review of the microbiome and diet in melanoma.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Association Between Parkinson's Disease and Melanoma: Putting the Pieces Together.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Article
- Coffee, tea, caffeine, and risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a Chinese population: The Singapore Chinese Health Study.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2019Article
- Dietary compounds and cutaneous malignant melanoma: recent advances from a biological perspective.Nutrition & metabolism · 2019Review
- Association of Caffeine Intake and Caffeinated Coffee Consumption With Risk of Incident Rosacea in Women.JAMA dermatology · 2018Article
- Red meat and processed meat intake and risk for cutaneous melanoma in white women and men: Two prospective cohort studies.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2018Article
- Caffeine induces sustained apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells by activating the caspase‑9/caspase‑3 signalling pathway.Molecular medicine reports · 2017Article
- Coffee, tea and melanoma risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.International journal of cancer · 2017Article
- History of Keratinocyte Carcinoma and Risk of Melanoma: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2017Article
- Coffee Drinking Is Widespread in the United States, but Usual Intake Varies by Key Demographic and Lifestyle Factors.The Journal of nutrition · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCaffeine has been shown to prevent ultraviolet radiation-induced carcinogenesis and to inhibit growth of melanoma cells in experimental studies. We evaluated the association among caffeine intake, coffee consumption, and melanoma risk among three large cohort studies.
methodsThe analysis used data from 89,220 women in the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2009), 74,666 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1980-2008), and 39,424 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2008). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of melanoma associated with dietary intakes.
resultsWe documented 2,254 melanoma cases over 4 million person-years of follow-up. After adjustment for other risk factors, higher total caffeine intake was associated with a lower risk of melanoma (≥393 mg/day vs. <60 mg/day: HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64, 0.96; Ptrend = 0.048). The association was more apparent in women (≥393 mg/day vs. <60 mg/day: HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.58, 0.85; Ptrend = 0.001) than in men (HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.75, 1.2; Ptrend = 0.81), and more apparent for melanomas occurring on body sites with higher continuous sun exposure (head, neck, and extremities; ≥393 mg/day vs. <60 mg/day: HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.59, 0.86; Ptrend = 0.001) than for melanomas occurring on body sites with lower continuous sun exposure (trunk including shoulder, back, hip, abdomen, and chest; HR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.70, 1.2; Ptrend = 0.60). This pattern of association was similar to that for caffeinated coffee consumption, whereas no association was found for decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk.
conclusionsIncreasing caffeine intake and caffeinated coffee consumption is associated with decreased risk of cutaneous malignant melanomas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.