Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26171980›Full record

ArticleTranslational psychiatry2015

Serum proteomic profiling of major depressive disorder.

M Bot, M K Chan, R Jansen, F Lamers, N Vogelzangs, J Steiner, F M Leweke, M Rothermundt, J Cooper, S Bahn and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Mechanistic insights into the liver-brain axis during chronic liver disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
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  11. Article
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  14. Biomarkers of bipolar disorder in omics and neuroimaging.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025
    Review
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  16. Article
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  20. Observational

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

M BotDepartment of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
M K ChanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
R JansenDepartment of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
F LamersDepartment of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
N VogelzangsDepartment of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J SteinerDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
F M LewekeDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
M Rothermundt1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany [2] Evangelisches Klinikum Niederrhein, Oberhausen, Germany.
J CooperDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
S Bahn1] Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [2] Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
B W J H PenninxDepartment of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Neuroscience · NLUniversity of Cambridge · GBEMGO Institute for Health and Care Research · NLHeidelberg University · DEUniversity Hospital Magdeburg · DEUniversity of Münster · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Much has still to be learned about the molecular mechanisms of depression. This study aims to gain insight into contributing mechanisms by identifying serum proteins related to major depressive disorder (MDD) in a large psychiatric cohort study. Our sample consisted of 1589 participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety, comprising 687 individuals with current MDD (cMDD), 482 individuals with remitted MDD (rMDD) and 420 controls. We studied the relationship between MDD status and the levels of 171 serum proteins detected on a multi-analyte profiling platform using adjusted linear regression models. Pooled analyses of two independent validation cohorts (totaling 78 MDD cases and 156 controls) was carried out to validate our top markers. Twenty-eight analytes differed significantly between cMDD cases and controls (P < 0.05), whereas 10 partly overlapping markers differed significantly between rMDD cases and controls. Antidepressant medication use and comorbid anxiety status did not substantially impact on these findings. Sixteen of the cMDD-related markers had been assayed in the pooled validation cohorts, of which seven were associated with MDD. The analytes prominently associated with cMDD related to diverse cell communication and signal transduction processes (pancreatic polypeptide, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, ENRAGE, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tenascin-C), immune response (growth-regulated alpha protein) and protein metabolism (von Willebrand factor). Several proteins were implicated in depression. Changes were more prominent in cMDD, suggesting that molecular alterations in serum are associated with acute depression symptomatology. These findings may help to establish serum-based biomarkers of depression and could improve our understanding of its pathophysiology.

Indexed as

AdultBiomarkersBlood ProteinsCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMajor Depressive DisorderMaleProteomicsBiomarkersBlood Proteins

Identifiers

PMID26171980
PMCPMC5068719
OpenAlexW870090960

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.