Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26171399›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes research2015

Elevated Urinary Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Diabetic Nephropathy Is Caused by Local Production and Tubular Dysfunction.

Karin G F Gerritsen, Jan Willem Leeuwis, Maarten P Koeners, Stephan J L Bakker, Willem van Oeveren, Jan Aten, Lise Tarnow, Peter Rossing, Jack F M Wetzels, Jaap A Joles and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The Promise of Systems Biology for Diabetic Kidney Disease.Advances in chronic kidney disease · 2018
    Review
  6. CTGF in kidney fibrosis and glomerulonephritis.Inflammation and regeneration · 2018
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Karin G F GerritsenDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands ; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
Jan Willem LeeuwisDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
Maarten P KoenersDepartment of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
Stephan J L BakkerDepartment of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands.
Willem van OeverenHaemoScan, 9723 JC Groningen, Netherlands.
Jan AtenDepartment of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Lise TarnowSteno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
Peter RossingSteno Diabetes Center, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
Jack F M WetzelsDepartment of Nephrology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Jaap A JolesDepartment of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
Robbert Jan KokUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands.
Roel GoldschmedingDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
Tri Q NguyenDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
University Medical Center Utrecht · NLSteno Diabetes Center · DKAcademic Medical Center · NLRadboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NLUtrecht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; CCN2) plays a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Urinary CTGF (uCTGF) is elevated in DN patients and has been proposed as a biomarker for disease progression, but it is unknown which pathophysiological factors contribute to elevated uCTGF. We studied renal handling of CTGF by infusion of recombinant CTGF in diabetic mice. In addition, uCTGF was measured in type 1 DN patients and compared with glomerular and tubular dysfunction and damage markers. In diabetic mice, uCTGF was increased and fractional excretion (FE) of recombinant CTGF was substantially elevated indicating reduced tubular reabsorption. FE of recombinant CTGF correlated with excretion of endogenous CTGF. CTGF mRNA was mainly localized in glomeruli and medullary tubules. Comparison of FE of endogenous and recombinant CTGF indicated that 60% of uCTGF had a direct renal source, while 40% originated from plasma CTGF. In DN patients, uCTGF was independently associated with markers of proximal and distal tubular dysfunction and damage. In conclusion, uCTGF in DN is elevated as a result of both increased local production and reduced reabsorption due to tubular dysfunction. We submit that uCTGF is a biomarker reflecting both glomerular and tubulointerstitial hallmarks of diabetic kidney disease.

Indexed as

Up-RegulationAdultAnimalsBiomarkersCohort StudiesConnective Tissue Growth FactorDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic NephropathiesFemaleHumansKidney GlomerulusKidney Tubules, DistalKidney Tubules, ProximalMaleMice, Inbred C57BLRecombinant ProteinsBiomarkersCCN2 protein, humanCCN2 protein, mouseConnective Tissue Growth FactorRecombinant ProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID26171399
PMCPMC4485941
OpenAlexW1485102781

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.